Ukuhlola Izindleko Zomshini Wokucisha Ohambayo Kumele Lomshini Wokucisha Oqeqeshwe

Isiphetho:Lo mbhalo unikeza ukuhlaziywa okunzulu komkhondo wokusebenza kwemali wama-mobile crushing plants kanye nama-fixed crushing stations, uqaphela ukunciphisa okungaba khona kwezindleko.

Ukucwiliswa nokwenziwa kwempahla engenayo kuyindlela ebalulekile ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni, njengezolimo, zokwakha, nokuqhumisa kabusha. Izinkampani ngokuvamile zikhetha phakathi kwemikhuba emibili eyinhloko yokucwilisa: imishini yokucwilisa ehambayo nezinsizakalo zokucwilisa eziqinile. Ngenkathi imikhuba yomibili iqondiswe ekufinyeleleni umgomo ofanayo—ukwahlula izinto ezinkulu zibe zizinto ezincane, ezisebenzisekayo—izindleko zayo kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwayo kwezenhlalakahle kuhluka kakhulu.

Lo mbhalo unikeza ukuhlaziywa okunzulu komkhondo wokusebenza kwemali wama-mobile crushing plants kanye nama-fixed crushing stations, uqaphela ukunciphisa okungaba khona kwezindleko.

1. Umbono wezinhlelo zokucwilisa ezihambayo kanye nezindawo zokucwilisa eziqinile

1.1 Isikhululo Sokucubungula Ama-Mobile

Isikhululo Sokucubungula Ama-Mobileyizinhlelo ezizimele ezingaqondisa kalula ezahlukahlukene ezindawo zokusebenza. Zilungiselelwe izinto ezihlanganisiwe njengezinto zokucubungula, ama-conveyor, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola. Ukuhamba kwezinhlelo kulezi zinhlelo kuvumela ukuthi zifakwe ngqo endaweni yokutholwa kwempahla yokuqala noma yokwakha, okuyenza kube lula ukuthi kungadingeki ukukhishwa okwengeziwe.

1.2 Isikhululo Sokucubungula Esiqiniswe

Ngenkathi, izikhululo zokucubungula eziqiniswe zizilungiselelo ezimi phansi ezikhona endaweni ehlanganisiwe. Lezi zinhlelo zidinga isisekelo esiqinile kanye nezinsizakalo.

2. Indleko Yomshini Yokucwetsha Yeselula

Isimiso sendleko yokusebenza yemishini yokucwetsha yeselula singabhangqwa ngalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

2.1. Izindleko Zokuqala

• Izindleko Zezinto Ezihlanganisiwe: Imishini yokucwetsha yeselula ivame ukuba nezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu zokuqala uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezihlala khona ngenxa yomklamo wayo ohlanganisiwe nemisebenzi yayo yokuthuthwa.
• Izindleko Zokuthutha: Ngokungafani nezindawo ezihlala khona, imishini yeselula ingathathwa esiteshini ngokulula, okuqeda izindleko zokuhlolwa kwezinto ezinkulu nezokwakhiwa kwesisekelo.

2.2. Izindleko Zokusebenza

• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Nemishini Yokushisa: Imishini ehambayo isebenzisa ama-diesel noma izinhlobo ezimbili zemishini yokushisa njengemishini yokusebenza. Ngenkathi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kungashintsha, imishini ehambayo yamanje yenzelwe ukwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okuyenza ibe nentshisekelo ngokwezimali.
• Izindleko Zokuhlanza: Izindleko zokuhlanza imishini yokucisha okukhulu ehambayo ngokuvamile ziphansi ngoba ziyintsha futhi zinezingxenye eziphumelelayo nezilungelelwe kahle. Ukwakhiwa kwazo okuhlukene ngokwendawo kwenza kube lula ukuthola izinto ezidingayo lapho zilungiswa.
• Izindleko Zabasebenzi: Imishini ehambayo ngokuvamile ayidingi abasebenzi abaningi ngoba inezici zokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kanye nemishini ehlanganisiwe. Lokhu kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi.
• Ukusebenza nokugqashwa: Izinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa zihlangabezana nokusebenza nokugqashwa okuncane ezitsheni zokuhambisa nokulethwa ngoba zibekwe eduze nomthombo wempahla, okuqeda ukuhambiswa kwempahla.

2.3. Ukukhulumisana nokuhlela

• Ukukhulumisana kwalezi zitshalo kuqeda isidingo samabhasi noma omunye ohlu lwesixazululo sokuthutha izinto kusukela endaweni yokutholakala kuya esiteshini sokuqhekeza. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwezindleko zokuthutha, ukulungiswa kwezimoto, nezabasebenzi ezihlobene nokuthutha.

2.4. Izindleko Zemithetho nezinqubomgomo

• Ama-crushing plant e-silingo ngokuvamile ayephephile kakhulu ngokomoya-mzimba, ngezindlela zokunciphisa uthuli kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa umsindo. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuthola izimali noma izinhlawulo ngenxa yokungatholakali kwezimfuneko zokuphepha kwemvelo.

3. Indleko ye-Crushing Station e-Fixed

Isimo sendleko se-crushing station e-fixed ngokuvamile sihlanganisa:

3.1. Indleko zokubeka imali ekuqaleni

• Indleko ze-Infrastructure kanye nokuhlanganisa: Ama-crushing station e-fixed adinga i-infrastructure ebanzi, kuhlanganise nezisekelo ze-concrete, izinhlaka zokusebenza kwe-electricity, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-conveyor belt. Lezi ndleko zingaba zinkulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kuma-plant amakhulu.
• Izindleko zezixazululo: Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zezixazululo zokucisha eziqinile zingaba ncintiswano nezixazululo ezijikelezayo, izindleko ezongeziwe zezinsizakalo zenza ukuthi ukusebenza okuphelele kube phezulu.

3.2. Izindleko zokusebenza

• Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: Izixazululo eziqinile zisekelwa yimishini yokuthutha amandla, okungaba nqolobane ezindaweni ezinezindleko eziphansi zamandla. Kodwa-ke, ukuxhomekeka ezindleleni ezide zokuthutha izinto kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
• Izindleko zokulungisa: Ukulungisa izindlela zokuthutha izinto, izixazululo zokucisha eziqinile, kanye nezinye izinto eziqinile kwenzeka njalo futhi kube nzima ngenxa yokuba ziqhutshwa ezimeni ezinzima.
• Imiphumela Yomsebenzi: Izindawo ezihlala zikhona zivame ukudinga abasebenzi abaningi ukulawula ukudlulisa izinto, ukusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo, nokulungisa.

3.3. Ukudlulisa nokuhlela

• Izindawo ezihlala zikhona zingahlangabezana kakhulu nezimoto zokuthutha noma izinhlelo zokuthutha nge-conveyor ukuthutha izinto kusuka endaweni yokukhiqiza kuya endaweni yokucisha. Lokhu kunikeza izindleko zokuthutha, okuhlanganisa igesi, ukulungisa imoto, nomsebenzi.

3.4. Izindleko Zemithetho nezinqubomgomo

• Izindawo ezihlala zikhona zingase zihlangabezane nezindleko eziphezulu zemithetho ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo okukhulu nokuthinta kwakho okungokwemvelo, njenge-dust ne-noise pollution.

4. Ukwahlukanisa Imali: Isithuthuthu Sokucwiliswa Kwezinto Ezingcolisiweyo Kumele Isithuthuthu Sokucwiliswa Kwezinto Ezingcolisiweyo Esezinqunyiwe

4.1. Ukudlulisa Nokunyusa Izinto

Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokonga imali zesisithuthuthu sokucwiliswa kwezinto ezingcolisiweyo yikwazi ukususa noma ukunciphisa kakhulu imali yokuthutha izinto. Ngokusebenza ngqo endaweni yokutholwa noma yokwakhiwa, izithuthuthu zokucwiliswa kwezinto ezingcolisiweyo zibhubhisa isidingo seziqalo ezinkulu zokuthutha kanye nezinhlaka zokuthutha. Ukuhlolwa kwabonisa ukuthi imali yokuthutha ingaba yingxenye enkulu ye-50% kweyokusebenza yezinto ezingcolisiweyo ezinqunyiwe, okusho ukuthi izithuthuthu zokucwiliswa kwezinto ezingcolisiweyo zinikeza ukonga okukhulu kule ndawo.

4.2. Ukufakwa noMshini

Izitsha zokucisha ezifinyeleleka kalula zibavikela abantu ekusebenzeni kwemishini yokwakha. Izitsha zokucisha ezihlala endaweni zidinga izindleko ezinkulu zokwakhiwa kwamasisekelo, i-conveyor belt, kanye nemishini ye-elekthriki. Uma kuqhathaniswa, izitsha zokucisha ezifinyeleleka kalula zingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokwakha okuqondile, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezindleko zokufakwa nge-30% kuye ku-40%.

4.3. Ukulondolozwa nokulungiswa

Umklamo ohlanganisiweyo nezinto ezicacileyo zezitsha zokucisha ezifinyeleleka kalula ukhulula ukulondolozwa futhi kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphumula. Izitsha zokucisha ezihlala endaweni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zidinga ukulondolozwa okukhulu ngenxa yokuzinyundela komshini nangenxa yemishini yazo.

4.4. Izindleko Zabasebenzi

Imishini yokucisha umhlabathi ehambayo ivame ukuthola abasebenzi abancane, njengoba izici zayo zokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo zenza kube khona isidingo esincane sokuxhumeka ngesandla. Izindawo zokusebenza eziqinile, ngokusekelwe kwemisebenzi yazo ebanzi, zivame ukufuna abasebenzi abaningi ukulawula imisebenzi, okuholela ezindlekeni eziphakeme zabasebenzi.

4.5. Ukusebenza Kwamandla

Ngenkathi izindawo zokusebenza eziqinile zingase ziphumelele ngezindleko ezincane zamandla, imishini ehambayo yakhiwe ngezici eziqeqeshwe kahle zokugcina amandla, njengohlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganisiwe. Kumakhaya anezinsiza ezinkulu zamandla, izinhlelo ezihambayo zingaba nezindleko eziphawulekayo.

4.6. Impembezulu Elithintayo

Izimboni zokucisha izitshalo ngezimoto zivame ukuba nezindlela zokunciphisa uthuli kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa umsindo, okuholela ekunciphiseni ingozi yokutholwa yimali yokuphutha ngenxa yokuhlukumeza impilo yemvelo. Izikhungo ezinamathelayo, ngenxa yobubanzi bazo obukhulu, zingase zibe nokunakekelwa okukhulu kwezindleko zokulandela imithetho.

5. Ukuqondisa Izindleko Ezikhishwayo Ngenxa Yezimboni Zokucisha Izitshalo Ngizimoto

Ngokuvamile, izinkampani ezisebenzisa izimboni zokucisha izitshalo ngezimoto zibika ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngo-20% kuya ku-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo zokucisha izitshalo ezinamathelayo. Izindleko eziphindaphindiwe zixhomeke ezintweni ezifana no:

• Ukude kube phakathi kwendawo yokukhipha nezindawo zokucisha.
• Ubukhulu bemisebenzi.
• Izindleko zemisebenzi yendawo nezindleko zamandla.
• Izidingo zokulawulwa.
• Ngokwesibonelo, emisebenzini yokubhujiswa ekude, ukusindisa emikhiqizweni yokuthutha kuphela kungavuselela imali eyenziwe yokuqala emishini yokucisha ehambahambayo.

6. Izimo zokusebenza nezinhlelo zemisebenzi.

Imishini yokucisha ehambahambayo ithandwa kakhulu emisebenzini efana nale:

• Ukubhujiswa: Emisebenzini emifushane noma emisebenzini enezinga lokukhipha okuhlukileyo.
• Ukwakhiwa: Ukuqashwa kwezinto eziqhonqileyo noma izinto eziqhathaniswayo ezisetshenziswayo endaweni.
• Ukushintshwa: Ukuqashwa kwamaconcrets nama-asphalt aqashwe kabusha.
• Ukushintsha okuya emishinini ye-mobile kubonisa isimo esikhulu semikhakha yokusebenza lapho kuqatshelwa khona ukukhululeka, ukusebenza kahle nokuvikelwa kwesimo sezinto eziphilayo. Njengoba i-teknoloji iqhubeka nokukhula, kuqikelelwa ukuthi imishini yokugeza ye-mobile izobe ibe lukhulu lokusebenza ngokwezimali nangokuvumelana nomoya.

Uma kuqhathaniswa izindleko zemishini yokugeza ye-mobile nezikhungo zokugeza eziqinile, imishini ye-mobile inikeza izinzuzo ezicacile zokukhululeka, ukusebenza kahle nezindleko. Ngokukhulula izindleko,

Ekugcineni, ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-mobile nezezinto eziqinile kuxhomeke ezintweni ezithile zomsebenzi njengendawo, ubukhulu, nezinhloso zokusebenza. Nokho, njengoba imikhakha isihamba ngokuya ezixazuluweni eziningi zokuqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa, izitsha zokushushuluza ze-mobile ziqondiswe ukudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwama-material.