Isiphetho:Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ze-ore yegolide kanye nezici zayo, kanye nezindlela zokusebenza kwazo

I-ore yegolide yinhlobo ye-ore enezinto zegolide emgqeni wayo. Yimpahla ebalulekile futhi ethandwa ngenxa yokungavamile kwayo nobuhle bayo, kanye nokusebenza kwayo.

Kule ndatshana, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezisishiyagalombili ezivame kakhulu zegolide lemfuyo kanye nezici zawo, kanye nezindlela zokuliqeqesha.

gold ore

Izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zeGolide Le-Ore

1. I-Ore yeGolide eyi-Free-milling

I-Ore yegolide eyi-free-milling iyinhlobo evamile kakhulu ye-ore yegolide,evame ukufunyanwa emgqeni wamiqina. Iyaqondakala ngokuba khona kwezingcezu zegolide ezibonakalayo ezilula ukukhululwa emgodini oqeqeshwe nge-crushing kanye ne-grinding. Izingcezu zegolide ziyijikijolo, zihluka ukusuka kubayimicron embalwa kuya kubayimilimeter embalwa.

Ukwenza umsebenzi we-free-milling gold ore kuxhumeke nokucubungula i-ore kuya emgodini, okuyathuthukiswa ngamanzi ukuze kwenzeke i-slurry. I-slurry isiqeqeshwe ngokwenza umsebenzi kuzigaba zezinto zokwahlukanisa ngokukhuluka komzimba, njengoba<

2. Ithosi le-ayisi ayisi-kopala-golide

Ithosi le-ayisi ayisi-kopala-golide yinhlobo yethosi evame ukuxhunyaniswa nezindawo ezinkulu zezakhiwo ezincane kakhulu. Ihlukaniswa yikhohlwa yeziminerali ze-ayisi, njenge-magnetite noma i-hematite, kanye neziminerali zekopala neegolide. Evame ukufunyanwa ezindaweni ze-ayisi ayisi-kopala-golide (IOCG), ezihambisana nezinto zezinto ezingezinhlobonhlobo.

Ukwenza umsebenzi wethosi le-ayisi ayisi-kopala-golide kubandakanya ukucwiliswa kwethosi kuze kube yi-powder encintiswene, bese kuthi lokho kuhlanganiswe namanzi ukuze kwenzeke isithakazelo. Isithakazelo bese kusetshenziswa ukwahlukaniswa ngamandla olukhulu, okuhlukanya i-ayisi.

3. Igeja legolide elivimbayo

Igeja legolide elivimbayo yingxenye yegeja eligazi elinzima ukulithuthukisa ngezindlela ezivamile. Evame ukuxhumana nezinto ezimnyama, njenge-pyrite, arsenopyrite, noma i-stibnite, ezingahlobisa izingcezu zegolide futhi zivimbele ukuthi zikhululwe ngezindlela ezivamile zokucubungula nokuqhuma.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwegeja legolide elivimbayo kuxhumelana nezindlela zemvelo nezomkhiqizo. Okokuqala, igeja liyaboniswa kokuqeqeshwa kwangaphambili, okuhlanganisa ukushisa, ukushisa ngesithandani, noma ukushisa ngobudlova ukuze kubhujiswe izinto ezimnyama futhi

4. Ikhala eliqukethe igolide eliqukethe ama-carbon

Ikhala eliqukethe igolide eliqukethe ama-carbon, yinhlobo yekhala elikhona kulo ama-carbon e-organic, njenge-graphite noma izinto ezimnyama, ezingahlanganisa ama-particle e-gold futhi zenze kube nzima ukuwuthola ngezindlela ezivamile. Evame ukukhona emanzini ahlangene nemifino noma imifino ehlangene.

Ukusebenza kwikhala eliqukethe igolide eliqukethe ama-carbon, kuhilela ukuqeqeshwa okuqala ukuqeda ama-carbon e-organic ngokushisa ngokuqondile noma ngokusebenzisa i-autoclave, kulandele ukuthutha igolide nge-cyanide ukuze kuqede ama-particle e-gold. Ngezinye izindlela, izinto ezithutha ama-metals, njenge-thiosulfate, i-iodine, noma i-bromine, zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqede ama-particle e-gold.

5. Igolide loMthombo-Okwemiqondiso

Igolide loMthombo-Okwemiqondiso yinhlobo yegolide elenziwe ngokushintshashintsha nokuqhekeza kwamathafa asedlule, njengemathafa e-sedimentary noma amathafa e-volcanic. Kuvame ukuxhumene nezinqolobane ze-quartz noma izindawo zokwengeza.

Ukusebenza kwegolide loMthombo-Okwemiqondiso kubandakanya ukucisha leli golide lube yidatha elincane, okuhlotshwayo ngamanzi ukwenza i-slurry. I-slurry le iye iqale ngezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo zokwahlukanisa ngamandla, njenge-sluices, i-jigs, noma izita ezidudululayo, okuqongelela izinhlanganekwakhe zegolide ngokuphindaphinda ubunzulu bazo. Ikhuluka leyo lokugcina liye la-smashed emva kwalokho.

6. Igolide le-epithermal

Igolide le-epithermal yinhlobo yegolide eliqukethwe eduze noqeqeshwe yi-fluids eshisa kakhulu. Evame ukuxhumana nemithwalo yevolkheni noma imisebenzi ye-geothermal.

Ukusetshenziswa kwegolide le-epithermal kubandakanya ukucisha igolide kuze kube yidatha elincane, leyo okuyintsha isidileka manzi ukuze kwenziwe isiluthi. Isiluthi ngaleyo ndlela sibekwe ngaphansi kwesifundazwe somzimba noma i-flotation ukuze kuthuthukiswe izingxenye zegolide. Iziphumela zokugcina zizoshiswa nge-smelting ukwenza i-gold bullion.

7. I-ore yegolide ne-kopala ye-porphyry

I-ore yegolide ne-kopala ye-porphyry uhlobo lwe-ore oluvamise ukuxhumana nezinto ezinkulu, ezinemilingo embalwa. Luqondiswa ukukhona kwamaminerali e-kopala, njenge-chalcopyrite, i-bornite, noma i-chalcocite, kanye namaminerali e-golide, njenge-pyrite noma i-golide elingqunyiwe. Evamise ukufunyanwa emiqondweni ye-porphyry copper, ehambisana namatshe ajikijwayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ore yegolide ne-kopala ye-porphyry kuhilela ukucwiliswa kwe-ore kuze kube yidatha, bese kuxutshwe namanzi ukuze kwenziwe i-slurry. I-slurry bese iyiswa ekuqashini kwenhliziyo, okuhlukana ngayo i-kopala.

Izindlela Zokuqeshwa Kwegolide Ezi-8 Okufanele Uzazi

Imiphumela yokukhiqiza amagolide inamuhla ihlanganiswe ngohlobo lomgodi, umkhawulo wayo kanye nezinye izici njengezinto eziningi ezimele zikhona ezinjengezinto ezihlukene namaphutha. Nazi ezinye izindlela ezivamile zokukhiqiza amagolide:

1. Ukwahlukaniswa ngamandla omoya

Le ndlela isebenza kumagolide ahlukaniswayo futhi ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa amandla omoya ukuze wahlukanise igolide kanye nezinye izinto. Umgodi uqoshwe futhi ulungiswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezihlukanisa amagolide ezibopha ezinye izinto ezihambela phambili.

2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Cyanide

Le-ndlela leyi isetshenziswa emgodini wegolide oqeqeshwe ukwenziwa ngamathiya e-cyanide, njenge-free-milling kanye nezinye i-ores ezinqabile. Umgodini uqoshwa bese uhlanganiswa nenhlanganiso ye-cyanide, ephendula igolide. Igolide bese liphunyezwa enhlanganiso ngokuhlotshwa ngomthunzi oqeqeshwe, noma ngokwehlulelwa nge-zinc dust.

3. Ukubuthana

Le ndlela isetshenziswa emgodini wegolide owaziwayo futhi ihilela ukuhlanganisa umgodini oqoshiwe ne-mercury ukwenza i-amalgam. Igolide bese liphunyezwa ngokushisa i-amalgam ukuze kuthathelwe i-mercury.

4. Ukukhishwa

Indlela le yasetshenziswa ngezinsimbi ezinemithwalo, njenge-porphyry yegolide-khabhoni kanye ne-iron oxide-copper-gold. Isiminerali siqoshwa bese siqongqwe saba iphutha elincane, bese lihlanganiswa namanzi nezinsizakalo zokukhishwa. Umoya uphethwe ngokusebenzisa imishini ngaphakathi kohlobo, okuyenza izinto ezinemithwalo ziqongele, lapho zingatholakala khona futhi zihlelwe ezinye izinto.

5. Ukushisa

Indlela le yasetshenziswa ngezinsimbi zegolide ezithintekayo futhi ihilela ukushisa kwesiminerali kumazinga okushisa aphakeme ukuze kuphuculwe izinto ezinemithwalo futhi kukhululwe igolide. I-calcine ephumelelayo bese ibekwa esikhundleni se-cyanide.

6. Ukushushiswa ngokusebenzisa isithuthuthu

Indlela le yiyo esetshenziswayo emasimini e-golide anamahloni futhi ihilela ukunikeza umgodi ezimeni eziphezulu zokucindezela nokuqina ekuhambeleni nokhishini nomkhawulo. Lokhu kuvuselela imibhida yama-sulfide bese kwenza igolide libe lula ekuqotsheni ngama-cyanide.

7. Ukukhipha ngobunhloli

Indlela le yiyo esetshenziswayo emasimini e-golide anamahloni futhi ihilela ukusebenzisa izilwanyana ezincinci ukuphefumula imibhida yama-sulfide futhi yikhulule igolide. Izilwanyana ezincinci zifundiswa ngemikhiqizo enezingoma ze-ore kanye nesivivinyo sokulondoloza, bese lo msebenzi oqala ngenxa yalo kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokukhipha i-cyanide ukuthuthukisa igolide.

8. Ukukhishwa kwe-Carbon-in-pulp (CIP)

Indlela leyo isebenziselwa amaminerali e-gold e-Carlin futhi ihilela ukuxuba umthombo oqhekezelwe ngokusebenzisa isiqondiso se-cyanide kanye ne-carbon eyenziwe ngokusebenza. Khona-ke igolide liyaphindwa ku-carbon eyenziwe ngokusebenza, leyo iqoshwe kude nomthombo bese iqhubeka nokuphulwa ukuze igolide liphinde liphume.

Ngempumelelo, ukukhishwa kwegolide kusuka ezinye izinhlobo ze-ores zegolide kudinga izindlela ezahlukene ngenxa ye-mineralogy kanye nenani layo ezahlukene. Ukuqonda izimpawu zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ores zegolide kanye nezindlela zokusebenza zazo kubalulekile emkhakheni wemini. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokusebenza ezifanele.