Summary: Le ndatshana ithatha iphrojekthi yomcwecwe wegranite njengekholamu, inikeza ucwaningo ekuhlolweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo zegranite overburden, isimiso senqubo yokuqala, kanye nesimiso senqubo esithuthukisiwe, ethuthukisa isixazululo sobuchwepheshe oluphelele lokulungiselela usawoti oxutshwe ngegranite overburden....

Umsebenzi wokukhiqiza isithunzi nezigcawu sekuyisikhathi eside siyakhula futhi sekwaba umkhiqizo oqeqeshwe kakhulu wokuhambisa izakhiwo. Phakathi kokuguqulwa komsebenzi lowo ekwakheni nasekuhlolweni kwemisebenzi esikhulu, ukuphathwa kwe-overburden yama-mine kuhlala kuyinto ebalulekile. Indlela yokuvimbela imiphumela emibi yasemoyeni, nokuzisebenzisa ngokugcwele ukuze kuthuthukiswe inzuzo yemini yimibono ebalulekile nengozimbile okufanele ukuthi yonke imisebenzi yomgodi iyicabangele. Lesi sihloko sithatha... Isikhunta Umqondo wokwakha umshini wokuhlola izinto eziqunyiwe, njengesibonelo, ukuhlola ukuvivinywa kwempahla yokuqala yekhrayiti, indlela yokuqala, kanye nendlela entsha, ukucubungula isisombululo esiphelele sezobuchwepheshe sokwenza isanti ehlanzekileyo ngokusebenzisa i-Isikhunta overburden.

1. Isingeniso

Umsebenzi wokuchitha ama-Isikhunta unethuba elikhulu le-overburden kanye nomthamo omkhulu we-overburden okumele kucatshangelwe. Ngenxa yokungakwazi ukwakha indawo enkulu yokuthihlwa endaweni yomsebenzi, umugqa wokukhiqiza i-washed sand ngokusebenzisa i-mining overburden uqalisiwe kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlola ama-Isikhunta ore.

Process for Producing Washed Sand from Granite Overburden

2. Izici Zamakhulu

I-ore kule ndawo yomoya yiy-amfibole biotite Isikhunta diorite eneminyaka ephakathi kuya embilini, ebonakala ngombala omnyama futhi inemifanekiso ye-Isikhunta eneminyaka ephakathi kuya embilini kanye nesakhiwo esingumqolo. Isiqulatho somzimba siqukethe ikakhulukazi i-plagioclase, i-potassium feldspar, i-quartz, i-biotite, ne-amfibole, ngesilinganiso se-SiO2 esiyisuka ku-68.80% kuya ku-70.32%. I-ore iyinzima, ngamandla okunqoba okukucasula phakathi kwe-172 kuya ku-196 MPa, okuyisilinganiso se-187.3 MPa. I-overburden ikakhulukazi iyindwangu yomhlabathi (i-topsoil) kanye ne-Isikhunta ehlanganisiwe kakhulu, enehlanganiso engenalungiselelo yobubanzi. Ikakhulukazi iy-

Ukutholwa kokulinganiselwa kwesihlabathi, i-clay, kanye nolwimi olukhulu lwedatha ye-overburden, imikhiqizo yethulwa emiqondweni emithathu emelela indawo yomgodi futhi yazivivinya endaweni yokuvivinya yendawo. Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-experimental kubonisa ukuthi inani le-clay ku-overburden lilinganiselwa ku-35%, futhi i-fineness modulus ilungele, okwenza ihlukaniswe njenge-sand ephakathi.

3. Ukwakheka Kwezinhlelo Nokuhlolwa Kwezinto

Ngenxa kokukhulu komgodi, uhlelo lomgodi, isikhathi sokuphila, uhlelo lokwenza umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa, kanye nomkhakha oqondisiwe wokudayiswa kwe-sand eyi-natural, ukwakheka kokwenza i-sand ehlanjululwe kusukela emgodini kuqondisiwe.

Umkhiqizo oyinhloko yisihlabathi esihlanjululwe, kanye nemikhiqizo engaphansi njengezithambo zokotshwa ezingakahleleki, nokuhlwithwa komhlabamhlabathi, umhlabamhlabathi osuselwe.

4. Isicwangciso Sokusebenza Sokudala

Umkhondo wokukhiqiza wokuqala wokulungiselela i-sand ehlanzwe kusuka emithonjeni oyinhloko, ikakhulukazi uhlanganisa i-workshop yokucisha imithonjeni oyinhloko, i-workshop ye-sand ehlanzwe, i-shed yokugcina i-sand ehlanzwe, uhlelo lokwelapha amanzi angcolile, kanye nezitsha zokuthutha ngezikhonkwane.

Ngemva kokudliwa yisikrini esijikijele, izinto ezinkulu kunama-60 mm zicishiwe yi-fine Isithuthuthu sokuqhekeza izinto. futhi zixutywe nezinto ezincane kunama-60 mm, bese zithunyelwa esikrinini esijikijele esiqinile. Ukucubungula kubekwe ngemikhawulo emithathu i-cone crusher Faka i-circuit evaliwe ngenqubo yokuhlola. Izinto ezincane kunama-4.75 mm zihlolwa bese zithunyelwa esikhungweni sokugcina umhlabathi oqeqeshwe, lapho zizoqashwa khona futhi zithunyelwe.

(1) Isizinda Sokucisha Izinto Zesithunzi

Izinto zesithunzi zokukhwebisa zithunyelwa ngemoto ku-hopper yokwamukela yesizinda sokucisha, esina-feeder screen ephilile ene-bar spacing engu-60 mm. Izinto ezihlukaniswe yi-screen zicishiwe yi-Isithuthuthu sokuqhekeza izinto. encane bese zixutywe nezinto ezisezantsi kwe-60 mm, ezithunyelwa esizindeni sokugcoba isihlahla nge-belt conveyor. Ngemva kokugcoba nokuhlukanisa esizindeni sokugcoba isihlahla, izinto ezisuka ku-4.75 mm kuya ku-40 mm zithunyelwa emuva ku-i-cone crusher encane, ezakha i-circuit evulekile ne-circular vibrating screen esizindeni sokugcoba isihlahla.

Indlela esetshenziswe yi-Isithuthuthu sokuqhekeza izinto. enhle ukuqhekeza izindonga ezimbalwa nezibloko ezinkulu kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukugeza nokwahlukanisa. Ngesivinini sokudlulisa esingu-220 t/h, leli thuthukisiwe yayihlanganisa:

  • 1 heavy-duty screen (4500×1200 mm, 220 t/h capacity)
  • 1 i-Isithuthuthu sokuqhekeza izinto. enhle (inamandla okukhipha i-45 t/h, <75% umkhawulo)
  • 1 i-i-cone crusher (inamandla okukhipha i-50 t/h, <80% umkhawulo)

(2) I-Workshop ye-Sand egeziwe

Izinto ezicindwe zithuthwa nge-belt conveyor kusihlungi esijikijela esikhulu kwi-workshop ye-sand egeziwe, esinamakhono okuhlunga amathathu ne-pipe yokusasaza amanzi ukugeza, ukuhlukanisa izinto zibe yi-

Idatshwe okubonakalayo kwakhiqizwa okuncane kakhulu kwempahla >4.75 mm. Ngemva kokucindezela nokuhlunga, impahla >40 mm yayithengiswa njengesihlabathi sokugcwalisa. Isixazululo sensimbi sokucisha yayiqatshelwe:

  • Ama-vibrating screens amabili amakhulu (amandla okucisha ama-260 t/h)
  • Ama-spiral sand washers amabili (amandla okucisha ama-140 t/h)
  • Ama-combined sand washing/fine sand recovery units amabili (ngamunye une-bucket-wheel washer, i-linear dewatering screen, kanye ne-hydrocyclone)

Isikhungo sokusebenza kwamanzi ashiyiwe (3)

Uhlaka lokucubungula izinkulungwane lunikeza inqubo yokuhlamba, lapho amanzi asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukuhlamba imishini yokuhlunga kanye neyunithi yokulondoloza amathaji amancane. Kufakwa ikhompyutha yokwelapha amanzi angcolile ukuze kufinyelelwe ekukhishweni okungelona nelanga lamandla okusebenza kawamanzi okuphumela ngaphandle ngokuphinde kwasetshenziswa. Amanzi angcolile aqoqwa futhi afakwe ngaphakathi kwithrendi lokuba namandla afaka amanzi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuyikhulisa, kufakwa amakhemikhali ukuze kusheshiswe ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlafuna kwezinhlayiya eziqinile ekhishini, kufinyelelwa ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kwamanzi namazinyo aqinile. Amanzi acebile anosula avela kuthrendi awodwa ahamba angenqunyiwe ngokusebenzisa isiteshi sokuphonsa amanzi esingaphandle komthombo futhi abuyiselwa emuva ekuhlambeni izinto ohlelweni lokukhiqiza; isilayidi esisondele kakhulu siqoqwa endaweni ye-sludge ehamba phansi kwithrendi ngokusebenzisa indawo yokususa umquba bese sihlanganiswa emgqonyeni wokuhlanganisa okungena phakathi. Ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa okuthembekile, isilayidi sithunyelwa endaweni yokucwecwa ngomshini wokucindezela ukuze sicindezelwe futhi simbanywe, lapho amanzi acwecwe khona ebuyela emanzini, futhi i-mud cake ithuthwa ngomoto ukuze ithengiswe.

Isikhungo sokushintshwa kwamanzi aqinile (esinokukwazi ukukhipha ama-650 t/h) sasisekelwe ku:

  • 1 isikhululo sokwenza impahla (28m)
  • 4 imishini yokucisha amanzi ngokushesha (uhlobo lwe-800/2000)

Lo mbhalo uqhathanisa isiqulatho sokuqala somsebenzi wokulungiselela umhlabathi ohlanzekileyo emgodini we-Isikhunta nezinqubo ezilungisiwe. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezintsha nokwenza izinguquko ezigqamile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokucisha, izinto zokuhlola, izinto zokuhlola umhlabathi, kanye nezinto zokushintshwa kwamanzi aqinile, le nkampani iye yasebenzisa imali encane, yenza imveliso ibe yemodeli enhle futhi yenza ilayini yemveliso ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Manje, ilayini yemveliso yomhlabathi ohlanzekileyo evela emgodini we-ov...