Soo koobid:Maqaalkani waxa uu bixiyaa isbarbardhig qoto dheer oo ku saabsan HPGR iyo sag mills, iyadoo si gaar ah loo eegaayo waxtarka tamarta, astaamaha hawlgalka, wax soo saarka, dayactirka, iyo saameynta ay ku leeyihiin x freed mineral.
Comminution waa tallaabo muhiim ah oo ku jirta habka mineral ka. Waxay si weyn u saameysaa waxtarka iyo dhaqaalaha hawlaha hoose sida flotation, leaching, iyo kala soocida cufis. Hareeraha comminution waa isticmaalaha ugu weyn ee tamarta ee warshadda mineral-ka, badanaa waxay ka dhigeysaa in ka badan 50% isticmaalka tamarta guud ee goobta.
Si dhaqameed,Machadka Qodista ee Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG)ayaa ahaa dhidibka wareegyada qodista ee muhiimada leh ee howlaha macdanta adduunka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, iyada oo sii kordhaya baahida loo qabo teknoolojiyadaha habsami-u-fudud iyo waara,Rolls Grinding Cadaadiska Sare (HPGR)ayaa u soo baxday sidii ikhtiyaar suurtagal ah ama teknoolojiyad kaabiga ah.
Qoraalkan wuxuu bixinaa isbarbardhig qoto dheer oo u dhexeeya HPGR iyo mashiinnada SAG, iyadoo diiradda la saarayo waxtarka tamarta, dabeecadaha hawlgalka, wax-soo-saar, dayactirka, iyo saameyntooda ku saabsan siideynta macdanta. Fahamka farqigan ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah injineerada macdanta iyo hawl-wadeennada warshadaha ee ujeedadoodu tahay inay hagaajiyaan wareegyada qodista, yareeyaan kharashyada hawlgalka, una yareeyaan raadadka deegaanka.
Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) Mills
SAG mills waa weelal waaweyn, oo wareegaya oo silindar ah oo qayb ahaan buux dhaafsan macdan iyo boqolkiiba yar oo bir ah (baalliyada). Macdanta lafteedu waxay ka shaqeysaa sida qalabka burburinta, sidaas darteed magaca “semi-autogenous.” Habka burburinta wuxuu ku lug leeyahay saameyn, xoqid, iyo xoqid marka mishiinka uu wareego, iyadoo macdanta iyo baalliyada ay isku dhacaayaan si loo yareeyo cabbirka qaybo.
SAG mills waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa burburinta koowaad sababtoo ah awoodooda ay ku maamuli karaan miisaan culus iyo in ay la qabsadaan noocyo kala duwan oo macdan ah. Caadi ahaan waxaa ku xiga mashiinnada baalliga ah si loo sameeyo heerar burburin dheeri ah.
Rolls Grinding Cadaadiska Sare (HPGR)
HPGR technology consists of two counter-rotating rolls that compress the ore bed under high pressure. The intense pressure causes micro-fractures and inter-particle compression, leading to size reduction. The rolls are designed to operate at pressures significantly higher than conventional compression crushers.
HPGR is recognized for its energy-efficient grinding and ability to improve downstream processes by producing a more uniform particle size distribution and enhancing mineral liberation.
Energy Efficiency Comparison
Kharashka tamarta waa mid ka mid ah kharashaadka hawlgalka ee ugu weyn ee ka jira geedi socodka macdanta. Goynta waxay ka dhigi kartaa ilaa 50% isticmaalka tamarta guud ee dhismaha. Sidaa darteed, doorashada tiknoolajiyada ugu tamarta badan ayaa ah mid muhiim u ah waaraanshaha dhaqaale iyo deegaanka.
Isticmaalka Tamarta ee SAG Mills
SAG mills waxay isticmaalaan koronto badan sababo la xiriira dhaqdhaqaaqa tayada badan ee macdanta iyo agabka goynta. Tamarta waxaa la bixiya iyada oo loo marayo saamaynta iyo cillad-la'aanta, laakiin qayb muhiim ah ayaa luminaysa sida kulayl, dhawaaq, iyo gariir. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, SAG mills badanaa waxay soo saaraan qayb weyn oo cabbir ah oo leh qaddar badan oo ciid ah, taasoo keeni karta in la galo jarid xad dhaaf ah iyo tamar la dhacay.
Caadiga isticmaalka tamarta ee mashaariicda SAG waxay ku xiran tahay adkaanta macdanta, cabbirka quudinta, iyo qaab-dhismeedka mils, laakiin guud ahaan waxay u dhexeysaa 15 ilaa 25 kWh tonkiiba macdan la farsameeyay.
Isticmaalka Tamarta ee HPGR
Tiknoolajiyada HPGR waxay dalbataysaa xoogagga cadaadiska ah ee keena jababyo yaryar gudaha qaybo ka mid ah, taasoo u baahan tamar yar si loo gaaro go'aanka cabbirka la rabo. Daraasadaha ayaa tilmaamaya in HPGR ay hoos u dhigi karto isticmaalka tamarta ilaa 20% ilaa 40% marka loo eego mashiinnada SAG ee leh wax soo saar iyo cabbir isku mid ah.
Waxtarka tamarta ee HPGR wuxuu ka dhashay habka jabinta xulashada iyo hoos u dhigidda jarista. Cadaadiska u dhexeeya qaybo ayaa keena qaybinta cabbirka qaybo oo cidhiidhi ah, taasoo yareyneysa soo saarista ultrafines-ka oo isticmaala tamar dheeraad ah hababka hoos yimaada.
Qaybinta Cabbirka Jirka iyo Xarunta
Qaybinta cabbirka jirka (PSD) iyo heerka xoreynta macdanta ayaa si toos ah u saameeya waxtarka hababka kala soocida ee xigta.
PSD ee Mashiinnada SAG
Mashiinnada SAG waxay u muuqdaan inay soo saaraan PSD ballaaran, oo ay ku jiraan qayb muhiim ah oo ah waxyaabaha dhuuban iyo kuwa weyn. Jiritaanka dulsaarka xad-dhaafka ah ayaa qasab ka dhigi karta foosha iyo leaching iyadoo la kordhinayo isticmaalka walxaha iyo hoos u dhigidda xulashada. Fariisinta xad-dhaafka ah sidoo kale waxay keentaa kharashyo tamar oo sare iyo dhibaatooyin suurtagal ah oo la xiriira maaraynta.
PSD in HPGR
HPGR wuxuu soo saaraa PSD aad u siman oo leh qaybaha ultrafine oo yar. Cadaadiska sare wuxuu keenaa micro-fracturing, taasoo korodhsata xorriyadda macdanta iyada oo aan lagu dhalin xad-dhaaf ah oo ah fines. Xorriyaddan la hagaajiyey waxay u beddeli kartaa heerar soo kabasho oo sareeya hababka flotation iyo kuwa kale ee kaabayaasha.
Throughput and Capacity
SAG Mills Capacity
SAG mills ayaa awood u leh inay maareeyaan heerar wax soo saar oo aad u weyn, marar badan ka badnaanaya 20,000 tan maalintii howlaha waaweyn. Adkaysigooda iyo awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay ka shaqeeyaan noocyada macdanta oo kala duwan ayaa ka dhigaya doorasho la jecel yahay xariijimaha dhex-dhexaadinta kowaad.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mashiinnada SAG waxay u baahan yihiin maalgashi weyn oo dhaqaale ah waxayna leeyihiin kharashyo hawleed oo sarreeya sababtuna tahay isticmaalka tamarta iyo dayactirka.
HPGR Awood
Cutubyada HPGR sidoo kale waxay awood u leeyihiin inay maareeyaan heerar sare oo wax-soo-saar ah waxaana si xawli leh loogu dhex dari jiray wareegyada burburinta ee waaweyn. Badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa si wadajir ah oo la mashiinnada kubbadda si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka burburinta.
Naqshadda kompaktka ah ee HPGR iyo baahida tamarta ee hooseeya ayaa ka dhigaysa mid soo jiidasho leh deegaannada cusub iyo ballaarinta khayraadka.
Arrimaha Hawlgalka iyo Dayactirka
SAG Mills
SAG mills have numerous moving parts, including liners and grinding media, which require regular inspection and replacement. The maintenance process can be time-consuming and costly, involving mill shutdowns.
Additionally, SAG mills generate significant noise and vibration, necessitating robust structural support and environmental controls.
HPGR
HPGRs have fewer moving parts, primarily the rolls and associated drive systems. While the rolls are subject to wear, especially when processing abrasive ores, maintenance intervals are generally longer, and downtime is reduced.
HPGR hawlgalku wuxuu u baahan yahay in si taxaddar leh loo xakameeyo cabbirka quudinta iyo in si joogto ah loo qaybiyo quudinta si looga fogaado xaaqa aan simanayn iyo in la hagaajiyo waxqabadka.
Saameynta Deegaanka
Wax-soo-saarka tamarta ee HPGR wuxuu u tarjumayaa hoos u dhigidda gaasaska aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo iyo raad kaarboon oo yaraaday marka loo eego SAG mills. Intaa waxaa dheer, jiidista yaraanta ee yareysan waxay yareysaa dhibaatooyinka hawlgalka boodhka iyo furuudka.
Meesha yar ee unugyada HPGR sidoo kale waxay hoos u dhigeysaa isticmaalka dhulka iyo qasaaraha deegaanka ee la xiriira.
Sida Looga Doorto Mashiinka Dhirta Ku Haboon?
Labada HPGR iyo SAG mashiinnada waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin iyo xaddidaadyo gaar ah. Mashiinnada SAG waxay yihiin teknolojiyad la caddeeyey oo awood u leh inay ka shaqeeyaan noocyo kala duwan oo macdan ah iyo shuruudo dhaqdhaqaaq oo weyn. Si kastaba ha noqotee, isticmaalka tamarta sarreeya iyo baahiyaha dayactirka waxay caqabad ku yihiin dhanka korodhka kharashyada tamarta iyo yoolalka waara.
HPGR waxay bixisaa beddel cajiib ah oo leh waxtar tamar oo sare, qaybinta cabirka qaybaha oo la hagaajiyay, iyo xornimada macdanta oo la xoojiyay. Fudaydka hawlgalka iyo baahiyaha dayactirka hooseeya ayaa sidoo kale ka qaybqaata soo jiidashada.
In modern mineral processing, a hybrid approach often yields the best results—combining HPGR for initial size reduction with ball mills or SAG mills for finer grinding stages. This integration optimizes energy use, throughput, and recovery, aligning with both economic and environmental objectives.
La talin
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