Isiphetho:Ukuqonda izinga ehlukahlukene lezinto ezomisiweyo ezisetshenziswayo ekukhiqizeni ama-aggregates kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukukhulukazi nokusebenza kwamaphrojekthi okwakha.
Ama-aggregates yigqozi lamandla lokwakha olukhulu, luqukethe iningi le-concret, i-asphalt, kanye nezinye izinto zokwakha. Impahla yawo, ngokuyinhloko ku- `
Izinhlobo Zezinto Zokuqala Ezisetshenziswa Kuma-Aggregates `
I-Manganese Ore
I-Manganese Ore, iqhwa eliphumayo, lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-aggregate. Leli qhwa lidalwa ukushisa okusheshayo kwe-lava flows, i-basalt inezimpawu eziphezulu zokumelana nokucindezelwa, ngokuvamile kuqala ku-100 kuya ku-300 megapascals (MPa). Ubukhulu bayo obunezingcezu ezincane kanye nokuhlangana okuqinile kwezinto zayo eziminingi, ikakhulukazi i-plagioclase feldspar ne-pyroxene, zibangela izimpawu zayo ezinhle zokusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo. Lapho i-basalt ihlahlwa, ivame ukukhiqiza izinto eziqukethwe ngama-angles kanye neziqukethwe ngezingqamuzana, ezihlangana kahle ema-concrete mixtures, okuqinisa amandla nokuqina okuphelele. Lokhu kwenza ama-aggregate e-basalt
I-Granite
I-Granite, iqhwa elikhiqizwe ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni, elikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ngokwakheka kwe-calcium carbonate, lisetshenziswa njengesisetshenziswa esikhiqizayo sokuhlanganiswa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona ngokwanele. I-Limestone iyisibonakaliso esinobukhulu obukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namaqhwa e-igneous, ngamandla okuqinisa okuqinelelayo okuvamile phakathi kuka-30 no-140 MPa. Ukuvela kwayo kwe-sedimentary, okuqondiswe ekungqongweni kwezinhlamvu, i-coral, kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ezilwandle, kuyinikeza umkhakha ohlukanisiwe. Lapho kuthuthukiswa khona, i-limestone ingakhiqiza izinto ezixhumekile ezinhlayiya ezinhle, ezifanele kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okufuna ukusebenza okuhle, njenge-concrete ekhiqizwa ngokushesha kanye ne-asphalt.
I-Hematite
I-Hematite, iqhinga eliqondiswe ngaphansi komhlaba, liyisiqondisi esikhulu sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-aggregates. Kuhlotshwa kakhulu yi-quartz, i-feldspar, ne-mica, i-granite ibonisa uqiniso olukhulu nokumelana okukhulu. Amandla ayo okucindezela angadlula i-200 MPa, okuyenza ibe namandla kakhulu ekumelene namaqhinga angaphandle. Ukwakheka kwayo okukhulu kwezinhlamvu kuvula indlela yokuqhekeka okuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokucindezela, okuholela ezinhlamvini ezinezinhlangothi ezicacile nezinkulu ezilinganayo. Lezi zici zenziwe i-granite aggregates ibe yinto efaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokwakha nasekwemikhiqizweni eyenziwe ngokuhlobisa.
Iqhwaqithi
Iqhwaqithi, iqhwaqithi eliqanjwe ngokushintshwa kwe-sandstone ngesikhathi kuba khona umfutho nokuqina okukhulu, liyathandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokunamandla kwayo nokuqina. Ngamandla amakhulu okucindezela angaphezu kuka-300 MPa, iqhwaqithi liyinye yeziqhwa ezinkulu ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-aggregate. Ukwakheka kwayo okunamandla, okunobuso obumhlophe kwenza ukuthi iqhwaqithi iqinisekise kakhulu ekuhlukumezeni, ukushaywa kwezinto ezimbi kanye nokuwohloka. Iziqu ze-quartzite zikhiqiza izinhlayiya eziqine kakhulu nezindala, ezingcono kakhulu emisebenzini edinga izinto ezinamandla, njengezindlela zezindiza.
Isiqathanga
Isiqathanga, esenziwe ngezinhlayiya zekhanda le-quartz noma i-feldspar ehlanganisiwe ndawonye, futhi sisithombo esikhulu sezingxube. Ukomelela nokuqina kwesiqathanga kuhluka kuye ngohlobo nolwimi lomkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe. Ngokuvamile, isiqathanga sinekhono lokucindezelwa elihluka phakathi kuka-20 kuya ku-250 MPa. Ukuqina kwaso kungaba nomthelela ekukhiqizweni kwamanzi ezingxube, okuholela ekusebenzeni nasekuqinile kwesikhunta. Nokho, izingxube ze-sandstone zinika izakhiwo ezinhle zokukhanyisa, okuzenza zifanelekele imisebenzi lapho
Isithwathwa se-Blast Furnace
Isithwathwa se-blast furnace, isithako esenziwe ngesikhathi kwenziwa i-iron, sithandwa kakhulu njengesithako esiyinhloko se-aggregates. Ngemva kokuthambisa nokulungiswa kwamagama, isithwathwa se-blast furnace singasetshenziswa njengesikhululo sezinto eziqeqeshwe ngokwemvelo e-concrete nase-asphalt. Sibonisa izimfanelo ezinhle ze-hydraulic, okusho ukuthi singasebenzisana namanzi ne-cement ukwakha i-matrix yokuxhuma ephilile. I-aggregates ye-blast furnace slag inezinzuzo eziningi, kuhlanganise nokunciphisa umonakalo wemvelo ngokuthuthukisa ukukhipha i-industrial waste ezihlanzeni, ukusebenza kahle kwe-concrete, nokuthuthukisa
Recycled Concrete Aggregate
I-RCA (Recycled Concrete Aggregate) itholakala ngokucwiliswa nokulungiswa kwezakhiwo ezindala zekhonkrithi. Njengesixazululo esinezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kwemvelo kwempahla yemvelo, i-RCA inceda ekugcineni imithombo yemvelo nokunciphisa ukushaywa kwempahla yomkhiqizo. Ukukhuluphala kwe-RCA kuxhomekeke emthonjeni wekhonkrithi yokuqala, kodwa ngokulungiswa okuhle nokulawulwa kokukhuluphala, kungasetshenziswa ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa, njengezindonga zesehlakalo ezindleleni zokwakha, izindlela zesehlakalo ezisezantsi, nakwezinye izimo, njengezinguquko ezingxenyeni zezinto zokwakha zemvelo ezintsha zekhonkrithi. U `
Indlela Yokwenza Izinto Ezihlanganisiwe Ezivela Ezintweni Eziqala
Ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziqala zibe izinto ezihlanganisiwe eziphezulu kubandakanya izigaba ezibalulekile eziningi:
Ukukhulula→Ukucwangcisa nokuhlukanisa→Ukufakwa kwamanzi→Ukugqashwa okuyimpahla→Ukuphathwa Kokuhlakanipha
Isiqephu ngasinye sithatha indima ebalulekile ekubambisiseni ukukhuluka kwesiphetho nesimo salo esifanele imisebenzi yokwakha. Ngaphansi kwalokhu kukhishwa okuningiliziwe kwale nqubo ehlanganisiwe:
1. Ukukhulula
Isiqephu sokuqala ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ukukhululwa kwezinto eziqala. Le nqubo ingase ibandakanye:
- Ukukhiqiza ama-quarry: Ngezinye izinto ezinjengezitsha zokukhuluka nengxube, imisebenzi yokukhulula enkulu `
- Ukuthutha : Uma kukhulunywa ngomfutho nomgodlana ovela ezimfuleni noma ezilwandle, izindlela zokuthutha amanzi zisetshenziswa ukuqoqa izinto ezisele phansi kwamanzi.
2. Ukucisha nokuhlukanisa
Ngemuva kokutholwa, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokuqala zidlula emashinini okucisha nokuhlukanisa ukuze zifinyelele ubukhulu nokumbo okufunwayo:
- Ukucwilisa: Izibumba ezinkulu zifakwa emashinini okucisha, okubaphuzayo izingxenye ezincane. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemashini okucisha, njenge-jaw crusher, cone crusher, kanye ne-impact crusher, zisetshenziswa ngokusekelwe ezintweni kanye nezinto okufunwa yi-product yokugcina.
- Ukuhlunga: Ngemva kokucwiliswa, isithako sichazwa ukuze sihlukaniswe ziqembu ezahlukene zokulinganisela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezihlangene zihlangabezana nezidingo zokulinganisa ezithile zokusetshenziswa okuhlukene.
3. Ukucasha
Ukucasha kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile, ikakhulukazi kwesihlabathi nangezitsha, ukususa izinto ezingcolisayo njenge-clay, silt, nothuli. Le nqubo iyenza ibe ngcono ikhwalithi yezinto ezihlangene futhi iqinisekise ukuxhumana okuhle ngesementi ezicwiliseni zekonkrithi.
4. Ukugcina izinto ezihlangene
Ngemva kokusetshenziswa, izinto ezihlangene zihlale ziguqulwa ukusetshenziswa kamuva. Izindlela ezingcono zokugcina izinto ezihlangene kubalulekile ukuze zivimbele
5. Ukuphepha Kokuhlolwa
Ukuphepha kokuhlolwa kuyinto ebalulekileyo ekusetshenzisweni kwamagqeshana. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlolwa zenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagqeshana afana nezindinganiso kanye nemibandela yezimboni. Izindlela ezivamile zokuhlolwa zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlaziywa Kwezifunda: Kucacisa ukwahlukana kwesakhiwo somthamo wamagqeshana.
- Ubunzulu Bezinhlayiya nokuthuthukiswa: Kubala ubunzulu nokuthuthukiswa kwamanzi kwamagqeshana.
- I-Los Angeles Abrasion Test: Kubonisa ukuqinile nokusebenza kahle kwamagqeshana.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwengqondo: Kubonisa ukukumelana kwamagqeshana nomoya, nokuqina kwamanzi nokuqandwa.
Izinto ezisisisekelo ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ama-aggregates ziningi, ngayinye inezici zayo ezihlukileyo eziqhuba ukukhuluphala nokusebenza kweprodukthi yokugcina. Kusukela eziqiningiqini ze-igneous, sedimentary, kanye ne-metamorphic kuya ezimiseleleni zezimboni kanye nezinto ezintsha eziphindwe kuhlolwe, ukukhetha kwesisekelo siyavunywa yizinto eziningi, kuhlanganise nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokwakha, ukukhona, inani, kanye nezimo zokhuseleko lwezimo zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuguqula lezi zinto ezisisisekelo zibe ama-aggregates, okuhlanganisa ukuqhekeza, ukuhlola, ukopha, kanye no- `
Isiluleko
Thola Isisombululo