Summary: Le ndatshana ichaza ngokugcwele ukuthuthwa kokusebenza kanye nemishini ebalulekile esetshenziswa endaweni yokucubungula irabha ye-silica....

I-Silica sand, eyinhloko i-silicon dioxide (SiO₂), iyinto ebalulekile yempahla yokusebenza eyenziwa kakhulu ekwenzeni i-glass, izikhulu ze-foundry, i-ceramics, i-electronics, kanye nezimboni zokwakha amanzi. Ukukhuluka nokuqina kwayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezilandelayo. Ukusebenza kwe-silica sand kubandakanya izinyathelo eziningi ezilungiselelwe kahle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusebenza ezijwayelekile.

I- Ukucubungula umthunzi wesilika wuhlelo olunezinyathelo eziningi oluhilela izigaba ezibalulekile ukujika impahla enikezwe ngokwebhizinisi ibe yothuli lwekhwalithi ephezulu, olungasetshenziswa.

  • 1. Ukuqopha nokuqophaUkukhipha usawoti we-silica ophuma endaweni yomhlaba noma ephandle komhlaba ngokusebenzisa imishini yokusika, amathoyi, noma izikebhe zokudonsa.
  • 2. UkucwilisaUkuqhekeka kwamaqoqo amakhulu esihlabathi sempuphu esetshenzisiwe ngokwehlisa ubukhulu bawo abe izicucu ezincane ngokusebenzisa ukuqhekeka okuhlukeneyo, okuhlanganisa okuhlangene okokuqala, okwesibili nokwesithathu, kusetshenziswa iziqholo zomzimba, izigqoko zokhonkolo, noma iziqholo zokugqwayiza.
  • 3. UkuhlungaUkuhlukanisa usimende wesihlabathi se-silica esiqinile ngokwamaqoqo ahlukahlukene ngosayizi bezinhlayiya ngezikhunzi ezihlikihla.
  • 4. Ukufakwa kwamanzi: Ukukhishwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo njengelitha, umlotha, nezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa izixazululo zemhlophe.
  • 5. Ukukhipha: Ukusebenzisa amandla okusebenza ngezixazululo zemhlophe ukususa izinto ezingcolisayo ezinamandla okuhlala emhlabathini.
  • 6. Ukwahlukanisa ngamagnetic: Ukusebenzisa izixazululo zemagredi ukususa izinto ezingcolisayo ezinemagnethi njenge-oksi ayisiyehi ye-ayisiri emhlabathini we-silica.
  • 7. Ukwahlukanisa ngokushushuluzaUkusebenzisa inqubo esekwe kwekhemikhali emakhasini okubhula ukuze kuhlukaniswe ukungcola okungekho kwemagnetic njengokufeldspar ne-mica kusuka esandleni.
  • 8. Ukukhonjisa: Ukunciphisa inani lamanzi emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa iziphumo zokomisa.
  • 9. Isiqondiso nokupakisha Ukuphinde-u-classify usawoti omswakama ukuze kuhambisane nezimfuneko ezithile zamakhasimende nokuwupakisha ukuze kugcinwe nokuhanjiswa.

Silica Sand Processing Flow and Equipment

1. Ukubola nokuqokomisa

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekucubungulweni kwentsalela yesilika ukubuyiselwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela emabhodini noma emayini. Izitshalakazi zentsalela yesilika zingatholakala kokubili kwangasolwandle nangaphesheya kolwandle. Izindawo ezisemlanjeni zivame ukumbiwa ngezindlela zokumba ngokuvulayo. Kulo quantitiy, imishini emikhulu efana nama-excavator nama-loaders isetshenziswa ukususa umquba, okuyi-layer yomhlabathi namatshe okuvalela isitshalakazi sesilika. Ngemva kokuthi umquba ususiwe, insalela yesilika ebabazokwayo iyavuleka futhi ingalayishwa emakhontshini noma emabhodleleni ophuthumayo ukuze ihanjiswe emshinini wokucubungula.

Ukumba kubhilidi lwamanzi olwandle, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuvamise ukusetshenziswa kwamachibi okulanda amanzi. La machibi ahleliwe ngamapompo okudonsa kanye nemibhavaga emide engagculiswanga umhlaba ohlangothini lwamanzi ukuze kutholakale i-silica sand. Le sandi ekhutshizwayo ithuthwa iye ezikhungweni zokucubungula ezisemhlabeni ngokusebenzisa ama-barge noma amapayipi.

2. Ukucisha

Ngaphambi kokusikwa, i-silica sand engenazo izinto eziqeqeshwe ngokuvamile, iyavame ukuba nezinto ezinkulu noma amatshe okufanele kunciphiswe izinga lawo. Inkqubo yokucisha ibalulekile ukubhentsha lezi zinto ezinkulu kakhulu zibe yizinto ezincane ezingase zisetshenziswe futhi.

2.1 Ukucwiliswa Okokuqala

Ukuze kuncishwe kakhulu usayizi we-silica sand engokwemvelo enikeziwe, izitsha zokuqhuba ezivamile zisetshenziswa ekuhlanyweni kwokuqala.

Umsebenzi: crush the raw ore (≤1m) to 50-100mm.

Izinto Ezihle:

  • Ukuxhumana okulula, amakhono amakhulu okusebenza, kufanelekele izinto ezinamandla amakhulu.
  • Iphethela yebhola yenziwe ngensimbi ephezulu ye-manganese noma izinto ezinamandla okusebenza ezifakwe ndawonye ukuze ihlale isikhathi eside.

Amasiko ajwayelekile: PE series (such as PE600×900), C6X series jaw crusher (such as C6X180).

silica sand jaw crusher

2.2 Ukucwiliswa Okwesibili nokwesithathu

Ngemva kokugawulwa okukhulu kwokuqala, kungaba kubalulekile ukugawulwa kwesibili kanye nokwesithathu ukuze kuncishiswe usayizi wezinhlayiya ngendlela efanele yesikhiphi. Amashayi o-cone angaqeda usayizi wezinhlayiya ngokulinganayo futhi afanele ukusetshenziswa ngemikhiqizo ephakathi nendawo kuya kunzima njenge-silica sand.

Umsebenzi: ucishwule izinto ezingu-50-100mm kuya ku-10-30mm, okuhlinzeka ngokukhulu kwezingqimba okufanelekele ukukhukhulwa.

Izinto Ezihle:

  • Ukomelela okukhulu lokusebenza ngokuchitheka: Izingodo zesigaba sokucishwula zenziwe nge-alloy ephakeme ye-chromium noma i-tungsten carbide, okuyinto efanelekele ukucindezelwa okuphezulu kwe-quartz.
  • Ukhululo olufanayo lwezingcezu: isimiso sokuqhekeza esilaminiwe, ukunciphisa ukugqeshwa okungaphezulu nokuthuthukisa inani lokukhiqiza.
  • Ukugcina amandla nokuphumelela okuphezulu: Uma kuqhathaniswa nombhoshongo oluqhekeza ngamandla, umbhoshongo oluqhekeza ngesikhwama lunenani lokusetshenziswa kwamandla eliphansi ngo-20% kuya ku-30% (indleko ephansi yokusebenza emidela).

Izinhlobo ezivamile:

  • Iphula le-HST lesihlangu olulodwa le-hydraulic cone crusher: ukulinganisela okuphezulu kokuzenza ngokomshini nokulula kokulondoloza.
  • I-HPT i-multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher: ukulinganisela okunembile okwengeziwe kwamazinga ezincwadi, okuhambisana nezidingo eziphakeme zokukhiqiza okuphindwe kabili.

Umthuli we-Impact, ngakolunye uhlangothi, usebenzisa amandla okugumbuza ukwehlisa impahla. Izingxenye zespunge se-silica zithunjwa zibhekiswe kuzindwangu zomthelela noma imigoqo yokuphula ngesivinini esikhulu, kubangele ukuthi zihlubuke futhi ziqhekeze zibe izingcezu ezincane. Ama-impact crushers aziwa ngokukwazi kwawo ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo osebenza kahle oneshape ye-cubical, okuyinzuzo ezingasenziwa lapho ukuma kwezicucu kubalulekile, njengokukhiqiza okokuhlanganisa okwakhiwa.

silica sand cone crusher.

3. Ukwahlukanisa

Ngemva kwenqubo yokugqabhuka, udaka lwe-silica luyadinga ukuhlukaniswa lwezingxenye zosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezihlukene ngokuhambisana nezidingo zezicelo ezihlukahlukene. Imishini enkulu esetshenziselwa ukuhlunga yi-vibrating screen.

Isikrini esivunguza siqukethe ideski lokuhlunga elinezikrini ezihlotshisiwe ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. I-silica sand ekhishwe ihanjiswa kusikrini esiphezulu kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi isikrini sucineka, amasayizi amatshe asiwela ezintweni ezihlotshisiwe ngokususelwa kobungako bawo. Amatshe amancane ahlula ngezihlungi ezifanele abe ngaphansi, kuyilapho amatshe amakhuluhlala phezulu ezikrini ezingaphezulu. Le nqubo ihlukanisa kahle i-silica sand yaba iziqephu ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ezingase zibhekwe ngendlela ehlukene noma zigcinwe ngazinye.

silica sand screening

4. Ukugcoba

Ukugcoba umshini we-silica sand isinyathelo esibalulekile sokususa ukungcola okunjengomquba, isitina, kanye nomsebenzi we-organic owasela e-silica sand. Imishini enkulu esetshenziswa ekuhlambululeni yi-sand washer, eziletha ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ama-spiral sand washers kanye nama-bucket-type sand washers.

Kuwashwa womquba wesihlabani skerufu, isihlabani secala silayishwa emgodini omkhulu ogcwele amanzi. Umshini wokujika okhuphukayo noma iziqephu ezijikelezayo zihambisa isihlabani emgudwaneni. Njengoba isihlabani sihamba, amanzi anyalala izinhlayiya eziyizithukuthuku ezilula ezingaphumelelwa, ezingahanjiswa ngaphandle komgudu. Isihlabani esihlanzekile bese siphuma ekugcineni komgudu. Abashwishi besihlabani bomumo wekhethiweyo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, basebenzisa uchungechunge lwamabhakede axhunywe kuzintambo ezijikelezayo noma ebhantshi. Amabhakede ahambisa isihlabani kusuka etankini eligcwele amanzi, futhi njengoba azungeza, amanzi anyamalala, eshiya isihlabani esihlanzekile cishe.

silica sand washing machine

5. Ukucisha

Nge-silica sand enemibonakalayo ezinamandla kakhulu eyingqinamba ukususa ngokugezisa nje, ukucisha kusetshenziswa. Izixazululo zokucisha, njengezixazululo zokucisha i-sand, zisebenzisa amandla okusebenza ukuqhiliza izimbobo phakathi kwemibonakalayo nezingcezu ze-sand.

Abahlabhi bemhwamha bavamise ukuba nendidi enkulu enamabhodwe axhamazayo noma igumbi eline-impela esheshayo. Isihlabani sesilika, kanye lamanzi, sifakwa ku-scrubber. Isenzo sokusebenza ngokomshini esinzima ngaphakathi ku-scrubber, njengokushayisana okudalwe izinhlaka ezizungezayo noma ukufinyelela okusheshayo kwemishini yamanzi, kuhlanza kahle izithiyo ezivela phezulu emhlabeni wesilika. Le nqubo ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwesilika.

6. Ukwahlukaniswa Ngokusebenzisa Ama-magnetic

I-silica sand ingase ibe nama-impurity amakhulu afana nama-iron oxides. Ukwahlukaniswa ngokusebenzisa ama-magnetic kusetshenziselwa ukususa la ma-substances amakhulu futhi kuphuculwe ukukhuluka kwe-sand, ikakhulukazi kuma-application e-glass ne-electronics lapho okufanele khona ukuba i-iron content ihlale iphansi.

Imishini eyinhloko yokuhlukanisa ngokumagnetha iyi-magnetic separator. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-magnetic separators, njengama-drums kanye nama-cross-belt magnetic separators. Ku-drum magnetic separator, usawoti we-silica udlula phezu kwe-drum yokumagnetha ewukhulayo. Izingcolosi ezimagnetha zikhanga phezulu kwi-drum futhi zithuthwa zisuke kwi-sand engamagnethi, equkethwe ukuthi iqhubeke nokuhamba phezu kwe-conveyor belt. Ama-cross-belt magnetic separators asebenzisa insimu yemagneti ukuheha nokukhipha izinhlayiya ezi-magnetic ku-eddy yesanda eshukumisa.

magnetic separator

7. Ukukhishwa

Ukuqhumisa kuyinqubo ethuthukisiwe esebenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izinsalela ezingezona ezimaphakathi, njengokufeldspar kanye ne-mica, kusuka esihlabathini se-silica. Le ndlela isuselwe ekuhlukahlukenini kwezimpawu zomhlaba ezingezansi kwezimayini ezahlukene.

Kwindlela yokukhishwa, izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi izikolekti, izinto ezakha i-froth, nezinto ezivikela zongezwa esilulweni se-silica kanye namanzi. Izikolekti zixhunyanisa ngokukhethekile emaphethelweni ezinto ezingaphelelanga ezifunekayo, zenza zingabe zitholakali kalula emanzini. Izinto ezakha i-froth zongezwa ukuze zenze isiqeshana esiqinile se-froth phezu kwesilulu. Lapho umoya uqala ukufakwa ku-

8. Ukomelisa

Ngemva kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuhlolisisa, isanti se-silica ngokuvamile sihlanganisa inani elikhulu lamanzi. Ukomelisa kuyadingeka ukuze kunciphishwe inani lamanzi kuya kwelinye izinga elivumelekile lokugcinwa nokuqhubeka kusetshenziswa.

Izinto zokomelisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-rotary dryer. I-rotary dryer iqukethe i-drum enkulu, ezungezayo kancane. Isanti se-silica esimanzi sithunyelwa kuqala kwe-drum, futhi umoya oshisa, oqeqeshwe yi-burner noma i-heat exchanger, uqondiswa ku-drum. Njengoba i-drum izungeza, isanti siqhuma ngaphakathi kokuqhuma komoya oshisayo, futhi lokho kwenza ukuba i-moisture iphume ngokusebenzisa inqwaba ye-heat.

9. Ukucacelwa nokupakishwa

Okokugcina, ithusi le-silica elomile liyahlukaniswa futhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile zobukhulu bezicucu zamakhasimende ahlukene. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuhlunga eyengeziwe noma yemishini yokuhlukanisa ngomoya.

Ngemva kokuphela kokucacelwa, i-silica sand ipakishwe ezintweni, ezinkulu, noma itholwe ngezimoto, izitimela noma izikephe, lokhu kuya ngokuthi yini inani kanye nendawo yokuthunyelwa. Izinto zokupakisha zikhethwe ukuvikela isandla ekuthatheni ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa nokuhlukaniswa.

Ukucubungula kwesihlabane se-silica kuwumsebenzi obucayi futhi onezinyathelo eziningi ezihilelekile, odinga ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ehlukene ekhethekile. Isinyathelo ngasinye enkambisweni sidlala indima ebalulekile ekususeni izithiyo, kulungiselela usayizi lwezicucu, nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yonke yesihlabane se-silica ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zemikhakha ehlukene.

Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engu-30 embonini, i-I-SBM iyaphumelela ekucubunguleni usinki lwe-silica. Ithimba lethu nochwepheshe lisetshenziswa izinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezindlela eziqinisekisiwe ukuqinisekisa imiphumela yekhwalithi ephezulu. Kusukela ekucwilisweni kuya ekupakamiseni, sibamba isinyathelo ngasinye ngokunemba, sinikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zamabhuloho, izinto zokushisa, nezinye izimboni. Ngokuzinikela kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle, siyinketho ethembekile kuwe kuyo yonke imfuno yokucubungula usinki lwe-silica.