Summary: Ukucubungula kohlelo lokwenza i-silica sand kuhilela ukusetshenziswa, ukubhidliza, ukuhlunga, ukuhlanza nokupakisha — okubalulekile kwezimboni zeglasi, zokwakha nezokuphathelene nezemishini elektroniki....
A umkhiqizo we-silica sand ubeka indima ebalulekileyo emhlabeni womkhiqizo, usebenza njengesisekelo sezindlela eziningi zokukhiqiza ezimboni ezahlukene. I-silica sand, ngokubalulekileyo kwayo kwe-silicon dioxide, iyinto yokuqala ebalulekileyo oku-
Emkhakheni webhodi, ngokwesibonelo, ithafa le-silica eliphezulu kakhulu liyisithako esiyinhloko ekwenziweni kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zebhodi, kusukela ebhodini lewindi elivamile kuye kubhodi lwe-optical oluphambili olusetshenziswe kumakhamera amathelethi nezigubhu zezinkanyezi. Emkhakheni wezindlu zomzimba, ithafa le-silica lisetshenziselwa ukudala izinto zokubumba nezinto ezingaphambili ngenxa yokumelana kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezindawo ezinhle zokulinganisa. Entweni yokwakha, liyingxenye ebalulekile ye-concrete kanye ne-mortar, elandisa amandla awo nokuzinza kwayo. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuthuthuka nokufuna imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, ukuqonda ukusebenza, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nezinhlangothi zemvelo zamapulazi okwenza ithafa le-silica kuba kubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizogxila kuzo zonke lezi zinhlangothi, sihlinzeka ngombono ogcwele wemishini yokwenza ithafa le-silica.
Yini isikhululo sokwenza isithunzi se-Silica
Umsantu wokukhiqiza usilika oshukela uyingxenye yezimboni oklanyelwe ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza usilika oshukela osezingeni eliphezulu. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukukhipha, ukuhlinzeka, nokuhlunga izinto ezivamile ezinezinsimbi zesiSilicon Dioxide zibe usilika oshukela ohambisana nezimfuneko eziqinile zezimboni ezahlukahlukene.
Inqubo lokukhiqiza endaweni yokukhiqiza usimende we-silica sand lunobuningi bezindlela. luvame ukuqala ngokukhipha izinhlama ezicebile nge-silica noma izimpawu zensimbi ezivela ezintweni ezivulekile noma emaqoqweni. Lezi zinto zangaphambi kokukhiqiza zihanjiswa ziye endaweni, lapho zijwayele ukwenziwa khona izinyathelo zokucubungula ngokomshini nangokwemvelo. Ukubhidliza nokuhlukanisa ngemuva kokuhlunga kuyiwo amazinga okuqala. Ama-crushers aphula izingcezu ezinkulu zezinto ezingaphambili zibe zincane, kuyilapho ama-grinders eqhubeka efa. ukunciphisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana ukuya ohlelweni olujwayelekile nolufanele. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kwandisa indawo yobuso bezinto, kwenza inqubo yokuhlukanisa nokuhlanzeka okuzayo kube nokusebenza kangcono.
izindlela zokuhlukanisa zidlala indima ebalulekile endaweni yokukhiqiza i-silica sand. Izindlela zokuhlukanisa ngokudonswa yinduduzo, njengokusetshenziswa kwamashadi ahlabayo noma ama-concentrator anemijika, zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa iziminerali ezinzima kakhulu esigabeni esicebile nge-silica ngokususelwa ekuhlukaniseni ubukhulu bezinto. Ukuhlukanisa komphezulu wedlanga omkhulu nakho kuyindlela evamile. Njengoba ezinye izinsalela, ezifana neminerali equkethe insimbi, ziyama, amasilikha anamandla angasetshenziswa ukheha futhi asuse lezi zinhlayiyana zemagnetic kusuka ku-silica sand, ngalokho kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwayo.
Izindlela zokuhlanzwa nazo ziyisihluthulelo. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwenziwa ngokuvamile. Ngokwelapha ithikithi le-silica ngama-asidi afana ne-hydrochloric acid noma i-hydrofluoric acid (ngaphansi kokulawula okungathi sína kwezokuphepha kwemvelo), izinto ezingezona ezamakhambi zingaxazululwa zanyamalala, kuholele emkhiqizweni ophakeme kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokuguqula ukukorodeka kungasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa i-silica sand kwezinye izinto zamaminerali ngokufakwa kwezibovu zomoya ezikhathini ezithile kumaminerali okuhlosiwe bese kuhlukaniswa ngokuqondile emgudlweni womhlaba ophansi.
Ngokufingqa, ifektri yokukhiqiza usilika yesihlabathi isebenza njengoxhaxha olubalulekile emgudwini wokuhlinzekwa kwemikhakha eminingi. Ikhono layo lokukhiqiza usilika esezingeni eliphezulu ngobuningi obukhulu libalulekile ukuze imisebenzi iqhubeke kahle nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhakha efana nokukhiqiza ingilazi, umsebenzi wokuguqula izinsimbi, nokwakha, ezincike kakhulu kulo mbono obalulekile wezinto eziyisisekelo.
Izinto Eziqukethwe yi- Isikhunta Sokwenza I-Silica Sand
Izixazululo zokubhlokwa
Imishini yokuphahlaza iyingxenye yokuqala futhi ebalulekile yendawo yokucubungula i-silica sand, enoxanduva lokunciphisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-silica ezinkulu ngokobukhulu zibe izingxenye ezincane. Ama-jaw crushers avamise ukusetshenziswa esigabeni sokuqala sokuphahlaza. asebenza ngemfundiso ye-force yokucindezela. Ngezandla ezimbili, impande ephumelelayo ithambekela ibheke emuva nangaphambili uma kuqhathaniswa nenhlangotsi ezinzile. Uma amatye amakhulu e-silica engena ekamelweni lokuphahlaza phakathi kwama-jaws amabili, amandla amakhulu okucindezela anikezwa yi-jaw eshintshayo uma iqhuba bebhekene ne-jaw ezinzile, akha amathoni. Ngokwesibonelo, endaweni enkulu yokukhiqiza i-silica sand enesidingo sokukhiqiza okuphezulu, i-large-capacity jaw crusher ingaphatha inani elikhulu lezinto eziluhlaza ngasikhathi sinye, inciphisa usayizi wokufaka kusuka kumamilimitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ukuya cishe kumamitha ayi-100-200, okuyinto efanelekile ezinyathelweni zokucubungula ezilandelayo.
Izihlukanisi zemvilili ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlungweni kwesibili nasekuqileni okuncane. Zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yezindlela zokucindezela nezokunciphisa. I-mantle (i-cone yangaphakathi) iyajikeleza ngokungahleliwe ngaphakathi kwendwangu ye-bowl liner (i-cone yangaphandle). Njengoba izinto ezicebe kakhulu ze-silica zihlala zingena egumbini lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-mantle kanye ne-bowl liner, izenzo eziqhubekayo zokucindezela nokunciphisa zihlala zidakula izingxenye kakhulu. Izihlukanisi zemvilili zingakhiqiza usayizi lwezinhlayiya olufanayo kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlukanisi zeminwe. Zikwazi ukunciphisa usayizi lwezinhlayiya lwezinto eziphelile ezicebe kakhulu ze-silica ezivela ku-jaw crusher ziye endaweni efanele yokuhlolwa nokuhlanza, ngokuvamile ziye ezingama-10-50 millimeters.
Izinto eziqondisa okuqukethwe
Imishini yokuhlunga ibalulekile ekuhlukaniseni impahla ye-silica ecrushed ibe ngamazinga ahlukene wobukhulu bezibalo. Amascreen abalulekile kakhulu ayindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa. Umgomo wawo wokusebenza usekelwe ekuqhumeni okwenziwa yi-motor yokushayela oyindilinga. Le motor ikwenza ukuthi indawo yesikrini iqhumeke ngamandla, kubangele amaqanda e-silica sand akwi-screen ukuthi ahambe ngendlela edidiyelwe, okuhlanganisa ukuphaphama, ukunciphisa, nokugabalala.
Kunezinto ezahlukene zezinkinga zokugqugquzela, njengokugcwaliswa okunokujikeleza nokugcwaliswa okuqondile. Izinkinga zokugqugquzela okunokujikeleza zikhiqiza umgceke wokuhamba okuzungeza kwendawo yesikrini. AmaQoqo esikrini ahamba ngendlela ejikeleza, okusiza ukufeza ukuhlunga kahle okuphezulu kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zobukhulu bamangqamuzana. Izinkinga zokugqugquzela okuqondile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zikhipha umgceke wokuhamba oqondile. Zisebenza kahle ikakhulukazi ekuphatheni izinto ezidinga ukuhlungwa okuphezulu, njengoba zingahlinzeka ngemiphumela ehlala njalo futhi enokwethenjelwa yokuhlunga. Ngokwesibonelo, endaweni yokukhiqiza umhlabathi we-silica okhiqiza i-silica esezingeni eliphezulu embonini yengilazi, izinkinga zokugqugquzela okuphothuliweyo zingasetshenziswa ukuqoka kahle amaqoqo e-silica ngaphakathi kobukhulu obuqinile bezinhlobo, kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uyahlangabezana nezimfuneko ezibucayi zomkhiqizo wenjoloba yengilazi.
Izinto Zokuhlanza
Imishini yokuwasha isetshenziselwa ukukhipha ukungcola okufana noshukela, umhlabathi, nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo esilika isihlabathi. Ama-washer esihlabathi anemicu ayinketho edumile. Akuhlanganisiwe nembuza, umdaka we-helix, uhlelo lokushayela, nomshini wokunikeza amanzi. Umgomo wokusebenza kwawo ukuthi isilika isihlabathi nemvula yamanzi kungena emhubheni. Njengoba umdaka we-helix ujikeleza, kancane kancane uhambisa izinhlayiya zesihlabathi ngokusebenzisa umhubhe. Ngesikhathi senqubo, amanzi ayehlale ehamba ephozela isihlabathi, ephuma ukungcola okungeza kumhlabathi. Ukungcola kuthwalwa ngemvula engena emhubheni, kuyilapho isilika esihlanzekile siphuma kwenye indlela yomhubhe.
Enye impahla yokuhlamba ehlukile yi-hydrocyclone. Isebenza ngokusekelwe kumgomo wobushushu bokunyakaza okuphindwe kabili. Inhlanganisela yesilika nesihlabathi samanzi ifakwa ku-hydrocyclone ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngaphansi komsebenzi wobushushu bokunyakaza okuphindwe kabili, amaconsi esilika anosisindo esikhulu angene emsileni wangaphandle we-hydrocyclone bese ehamba ngezindlela ezijikeleza ezizweni sidelula phansi kuye emgqeni ophumayo osezansi, kuyilapho izinto ezingcolile ezingasindi namanzi zikhishwa ziveliswe emugqameni ophezulu okhuphukayo. Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa iyasebenza kakhulu ekuhoxiseni izinto ezincane, okubalulekile ekukhiqizeni isilika esinepurezza ephezulu yezicelo ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwama-semiconductor, lapho ngisho nemithombo emincane yezinto ezingcolile ingaba nombono omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwemikhiqizo yokugcina.
Izingcwadi zokudla nokuhambisa
Imishini yokufuya nokuhambisa iqinisekisa ukugeleza okungashizi futhi okuqhubekayo kwezinto yonke inhlangano yokwenza i-silica sand. Imishini yokuthulula ezinhlangothini eziyinkimbinkimbi ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka izinto ze-silica ezisezingeni lokuqala emshinini wokugaya. Sebenza ngokuvibrate isiNkaba esiqukethe izinto. Ukuvibrate kuholela ekutheni izinto zifinyelele ngaphandle kwehophani ngezinga elilawuliwe futhi zibe zidluliselwa ngokulinganayo kwebhande lokuhambisa noma ngqo emshinini wokugaya. Le ndlela yokudla ngezinga elilawuliwe ibalulekile ngoba ivimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile noma ukuncipha kokulayisha emshinini wokugaya, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo okuzinzile nokusebenza kahle kokugaya.
Ama-belt conveyor yinto eyiqakathekile kakhulu yokuthutha emisebenzini yokwenza umlotha we-silica. Ayakhiwa ngesikhumba esijikelezayo emapulazini amabili noma ngaphezulu. I-pulley eyodwa, evame ukusetshenziswa yimoto ye-elekthriki, iyenza i-belt ihambe. Umlotha we-silica ubekwa esikhwameni esijikelezayo, bese i-belt iyawuthutha kusuka endaweni ziya kwenye endaweni emisebenzini, njengokuthi kusuka ekwenzeni amakhulu kuya ekukwahluleni, noma kusuka ekukwahluleni kuya endaweni yokugcina.Ama-belt conveyor angasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokumiswa, anamandla okwenza umsebenzi omkhulu, futhi
Isikhwama Sokusebenza Kwe-Silica Sand
1. Isigaba Sokungenisa
Isigaba sokuphathela yisikhathi sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-silica sand, futhi ukubaluleka kwaso akukwaziugqitswa kakhulu. Abaphathelisi abaphakamisa imvula bavame ukusetshenziselwa esigabeni sokuphakela. Lebo baphathelisi bahlanganiswe ngozwe zokuphakamisa ezikhipha vibrating motors ezikhiqiza imvamisa ephakeme ye-vibrations. Izinto ze-silica ezivela kuqala, ezivame ukuba ngamaqhekeza amakhulu noma imithombo yamatshe, zigcinwa endaweni egcwele esheshayo engenhla kwe-vibrating feeder. Njengoba i-feeder ivibra, izinto zikhishwa kancane kancane zisuka endaweni egcwele ngendlela ephoqelelwe nephansi ngendlela efanayo.
Lokhu kulisa ukudla okubanzi kubalulekile esigabeni sokuchitha esilandelayo. Uma ukudla kungaphelele ngokulinganayo, ababhaka bangase babe nokuqhekeka ngokweqile kwezingxenye ezithile, okuholela ekwandeni kokugqekeka nokugcwaliseka kwezingxenye zomshini wokuchitha. Isibonelo, uma impahla enkulu ye-silica engena emshinini ngokungazelelwe, kungadala ukuthi umshini wokushaya uphumelele ngokweqile, okuholela ekugqitshini komoto noma ukonakaleni komkhumbi wokuchitha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungezwa okungaguquki nokulinganayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ababhaka bangasebenzi ngokukhipha imithwalo emikhulu, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kohlelo lokuchithwa nokufaka isandla ekwandiseni ukwahlukana kobukhulu bemikhiqizo eqediwe. Umfaki wokukuchitha umhlangothi ungasetha isivinini sokukhipha ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhiqiza nangokusiza kokusebenza kwezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene, okubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ulimi oluphumelelayo lwekhandlela lokukhiqiza.
2. Isigaba Sokucwiliswa
Isigaba sokuwisa sihlukaniswe ngezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukusikwa okukhulu nokusika okuphakathi nokuncane, zonke ezinezinhloso ezithile nezidingo zomshini.
Ukucindezela okukhulu kuyisinqumo sokuqala ekunciphiseni izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinkulu ze-silica ezihlanganisiwe. Izinqamuleli zomlilo ezibizwa nge-Jaw crushers yizona ezisebenza kakhulu kule nkathi. Njengoba kubalwe ngaphambili, basebenzisa amandla okucindezela ukwephula izinto. Amatshe amakhulu e-silica afakwa endaweni yokuphukula yesimo se-V ye-jaw crusher. Umsipha we-jaw, oqhutshwa umbuthano we-shaft eccentric, uhambuka uhamba phambili njengoba ubuya ebusweni obungashintshi. Njengoba uhambuka, ibanga phakathi kwe-jaws ezimbili liyancipha, okulimaza amandla okucindezela anamandla kumatshe e-silica. Amandla lawa aholela ekuvinjweni nasekuqothulweni kwamatshe abe yizicucu ezincane. Izinto ezinqabileyo eziphukile zihlala ziphume ukusuka engxenyeni engezansi yendawo yokuphukula. Ngemuva kwalolu hlobo lokucindezela okukhulu, izinto ezinkulu ze-silica zinciphiswe zisuka kubungako obufanelekile ukuze kuqhubekwe nokusebenza kokucubungula okuphakathi nokuncane, okuvame ukufinyelela kumamitha amazingi ambalwa kuya kumamitha angama-100-200.
Ukuqhekeka okubushelelezi ngokuphakathi kuthuthukisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana zezinto eziluhlaza i-silica. Izihlungi ze-cone zivame ukusetshenziselwa lokhu. I-cone crusher inayo i-mantle (i-cone yangaphakathi) kanye ne-bowl liner (i-cone yangaphandle). I-mantle ijikevela ngokuzimela ngaphakathi kwe-bowl liner. Lapho izinto eziluhlaza ze-silica ezisezingeni ngaphambilini ezivela ku-jaw crusher zingena egumbini lokugqibela phakathi kwe-mantle ne-bowl liner, kwenzeka umsebenzi oqhubekayo wokucindezela nokusika. Izinto zihlukaniswa ngokuhamba kancane zaba izinhlayiyana ezincane kakhulu. Izihlungi ze-cone zingakhiqiza ukusabalala kwezinhlayiyana oluphelele uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlungi ze-jaw. Ziyakwazi ukunciphisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana zezinto ze-silica kumayintshi angama-10-50, okungcono kakhulu ezinqubweni zokuhlunga nokuhlanza ezenzakalayo ezilandelayo.Lesi sigaba siyingqayizivele njengoba sinciphisa ukuhlukahluka kobukhulu bezinhlayiyana zobumba i-silica, okuzothinta ngokuqoqa ikhwalithi nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo okuphelile ezinhlelweni ezehlukene.
3. Isigaba Sokuhlola
Isigaba sokuhlola yindawo lapho izinto ze-silica eziphukisiwe zihlanganiswa ngobukhulu babo bezingxenye. Ama-screens aphambukayo yilawo asemqoka asetshenziswa kulesi sigaba. Lawa ma-screens ahlinzekwa nge-mesh yesikrini enamatshwayo anama-aperture ahlukene ngosayizi. Isikrini esiphambukayo sisetshenziswa ngamamotho kagesi okushayela i-exciter, okhiqiza ukukhubazeka okuphakeme kakhulu ngokuphuphuma.
Umazambane we-silica owahlutshiwe ufuna esikrinini esivuthayo, izivunguvungu zimibangela ukuthi izinto zihambe ngokunyakaza okubukhali esikrinini. Ama-particles amancane kunobukhulu bokugeleza kwenethi yesikrinini sikakoloni oluphakeme ahamba ngokugqama noma emanzini esikrinini bese ewa esikrinini sezinga elilandelayo. Le nqubo iqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ama-particles efika ezingeni elifanele ngokususelwa kubukhulu bawo. Isibonelo, esikrinini esivuthayo esimaphakathi nezendlalelo ezintathu, isikrini se-layer ephezulu singaba nosayizi omkhulu wengele, mhlawumbe u-50 mm, okubavumela ama-particles amancane kuno-50 mm ukuthi ahambe. Isikrini esisemaphakathi singaba nosayizi wokuvula we-20 mm, futhi isikrini sezansi sinokubalula kwe-5 mm. Ama-particles amakhulu kuno-50 mm ahlala esikrinini sezinga eliphezulu futhi abhekwa njengemikhulu kakhulu.
Okungaphezulu kobukhulu obungahlangabezani nezimfuneko zobukhulu obudingekayo kuthunyelwa emuva kuma-crushers ukuze aqhubeke nokugqwala. Lokhu kuvamise ukufezwa ngohlelo lwekhenethi oluxhumanisa isikrini esivuthayo nama-crushers. Ngokuphinda kusetshwe lezi zinto ezinkulu kakhulu, inqubo yokukhiqiza iqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina we-silika sand unokwahlukahluka okuvamile futhi okuthandwa kobukhulu bamaqanda, okubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokusebenza ezihlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, embonini yokukhiqiza ingilazi, kudingeka uhla oluthile futhi olujulile lobukhulu be-silika sand ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokucaca kwemikhiqizo yenhlanzi. Isigaba sokuhlunga, kanye nokuphinda kusetshwe izinto ezinkulu kakhulu, kusiza ukufeza lokhu okulawulwayo kwekhwalithi.
4. Isinyathelo Sokugeza
Isinyathelo sokugeza kubalulekile ekususelekeni kwamaphutha esihlahleni somdaka, ngaleyo ndlela sivuselele ukusondela kwaso. Ama-spiral sand washer asetshenziswa njalo kule nqubo. Lezi zixazululo zinezindlela ezide, eziqondile ezine-helical screw conveyor ngaphakathi. Umdaka wesilicha, kanye nomswakama othile, uqhutshwa endaweni engezansi.
Njengoba ihelical screw ijikeleza, kancane kancane ihambisa amaqanda amatshe owa along qeda ngaphansi aye phezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba lokhu, amanzi ahlale epholisa amaqanda amatshe. Ubumfihlo, njengeclay, i-silt, nezinye izithiyo ezinembobo, ziyaphephuka futhi zithwalwa ngamanzi adlula. Ubumfihlo bufakwa ngaphandle kwendawo yokuphuma phezulu kwe-trough, kuyilapho umhlaba ongcwele we-silica ushiwo ngaphandle kwelinye icala. Amanzi asetshenziswa ekuhlambululeni angaphinde asebenziswe ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokwelapha amanzi. Lolu hlelo luvamise ukufaka izitsha zokuhlala neziFihla ukuvula ubumfihlo obuphakathi emanzini, lwenza kufanelekile ukukhonza ukufaneleka kabusha ekuhlambaleni. Ukusebenzisa kabusha amanzi akhulula kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwenkampani yomhlangano we-silica sand kodwa futhi kusiza ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo ngokunciphisa inani lamanzi angcolisiwe eliyiziphithiphithi.
Amaqhude e-hydrocyclone nawo angasetshenziswa esigabeni sokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokususa ukungcola okuncane kakhulu. Sebenza ngokusekelwe emfundisweni yamandla oqalayo. Inkanyamba yensimbi yesihlabathi sesilika namanzi ifakwa ku-hydrocyclone ngesivinini esiphakeme. Ngaphansi kokusebenza kwamandla oqalayo, amaseli esilika enesisindo esikhulu ayaqondisa emfundisweni yangaphandle ye-hydrocyclone aze ehlehliswa ezansi aye emugqeni wokuxhumana, kuyilapho ukungcola okunesisindo esincane namanzi kukhishwa ku-ovelayeni ophezulu. Le ndlela yokwahlukanisa iyasebenza kakhulu ekusuleni ukungcola okuncane, okuwumsebenzi obalulekile ekukhiqizeni isimanga esiphezulu se-silika sesihlabathi esihlanganisa izinhlelo zokukhiqiza zikagesi, lapho ngisho nokuncane ukungcola okungamandla kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwemikhiqizo yokugcina.
5. Isigaba Sokuthuthukiswa Nokuhlolwa
Ngemuva kwemisebenzi yokugezisa nokuhlukanisa, isanti ye-silica ekufaneleke ngayo isebenzelwa ukuqoqwa nokugqokwa. Isanti ye-silica ecacile iqoqwa ngohlelo lwe-conveyor belts eziyithutha kusuka ezindaweni zokugezisa nokuhlukanisa ziye endaweni yokugcina nokugqoka.
Endaweni yokupakisha, imishini yokupakisha ngokuzenzakalelayo isetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa usilika sesihlabathi kwizinto ezahlukahlukene zokupakisha. Izinto ezivamile zokupakisha yibhegi ezothiwe nemibhalo ephindwe ngendwangu nebhodlela leplastiki eligqunywe ngopulasitiki. Imishini yokupakisha yenziwe ukuze ionicwe ngobuchule inani losilika sesihlabathi okumele lugcwaliswe ebhegi ngayinye. Ngokwesibonelo, zingalungiswa ukuze zigcwale amabhodlela anesisindo esingu-25 kg, 50 kg, noma ezinye izisindo ezibekiwe. Ngemva kokugcwalisa, amabhodlela avalwa ukuze kugwenywe ukumuncwa kwamanzi nokungcola ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuhamba.
Usimende wesihlabathi se-silika ocwalisiwe ugcinwa endaweni yokugcina impahla ngaphambi kokuwuthumela kumakhasimende. Indawo yokugcina kufanele igcineke ingaphuzi futhi ihlanzekile ukugcina izinga lese-silika. Ukuphefumula okuhle nokulawulwa komswakama nakho kubalulekile ukunqanda ukukhula kwamagciwane noma ukuqoqa kwezicucu zesihlabathi. Lesi sigaba sokugcina nokupakisha siyisinyathelo sokugcina ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi i-silika yekhwalithi ephezulu ekhiqizwa yisitshali ihlanganiswa ngendlela efanele futhi ikulungele ukuhweba, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi ezifana nokukhiqiza ingilazi, umsebenzi wokushayela, nokwakha.
Izibonelelo Zomkhiqizo Womhlabathi We-Silica
Umkhiqizo Obukhulu Wekhwalithi Ephezulu
Imboni yokukhiqiza uju lwe-silika enendlela efanele ingaqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kukaju lwe-silika oluphezulu ngempumelelo. Imishini ethuthukisiwe nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezihlukile midlalo ebalulekile ekufezeni lokhu. Ngokwesibonelo, izihloli zokubhoboza nezothuli yokugaya zanamuhla zingakwazi ukulawula ngokunembayo inqubo yokwehlisa usayizi wezicucu, kuholela ekujuleni kwe-silika enobukhulu obunkimbinkimbi kakhulu bemikhiqizo. Lokhu kubalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi. Ekukhiqizeni komucu wokukhanya obonakala ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezisheshayo, kudingeka uju lwe-silika oluphezulu kakhulu oluphethe ubukhulu obuncane bendlebe yezinhlayiya. Ubukhulu obufanayo bezinhlayiya buqinisekisa izakhi ezifana nokudlulisa ukukhanya ngokuhlala, kunciphisa ukukholwa komqhele nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokuxhumana.
Futhi, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuhlukanisa nokuhlanza bungasusa ngempumelelo ukungcolisa kusuka esihlabeni se-silika. Imishini yokuhlukanisa ngesimiso sombhangqwana ingathola ukungcolisa okungamagesi, njengamagatsha anamakhemikhali aqukethe insimbi, ngobuchule obuphezulu. Amaqhwa okumba okumnyama angakwazi ukuhlukanisa nokususa ukungcolisa kwamakhemikhali, okwandisa kakhulu umehluko we-silika dioxide esihlabeni se-silika. Isihlabhi se-silika esiphezulu kakhulu nekungenangqondo ye-silika dioxide engaphezu kuka-99.9% singakhiqizwa ezitsheni zokukhiqiza i-silika zanamuhla. Lomkhiqizo osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu uthandwa kakhulu embonini yamagesi amagesi, lapho nanoma imithombo emincane yengozi ingadala ukungaphumeleli kwemishini ye-semiconductor, kuthinta ukusebenza kwazo nokuthembeka kwazo.
Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko
Ukonga kwezindleko kuwumphumela omkhulu wenqubo yokukhiqiza ithuluzi le-silica sand. Ukukhiqiza okukhulu endaweni ehleliwe kungaholela ekongeni okusezingeni eliphezulu. Uma isitshalo sinamandla aphezulu okukhiqiza, izindleko eziyisisekelo, ezifana nezindleko zendlu, izakhiwo, kanye nemishini enkulu, zihlukaniswa ngenani lemikhiqizo enkulu. Isibonelo, isitshalo esikhulu sokukhiqiza i-silica sand esinomthamo wokukhiqiza wezigidi eziningana zamathani ngonyaka singakhiqiza i-silica sand ngezindleko ezingaphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nesitshalo esincane esinomthamo wokukhiqiza nje izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamathani ngonyaka. Isitshalo esikhulu singakwazi ukuxoxisana ngezivumelwano ezingcono nabahlinzeki bezitshalo, kunciphisa izindleko zokufaka. Futhi singatshala imali ezinhlelweni zokuhamba nokugcina ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ngaleyondlela kwehlisa izindleko.
Ukukhethwa kwezinsiza ezifanele nakho kunegalelo ekutholeni impumelelo kwezindleko. Ukukhetha izigubhu, izihlungi, nemishini yokuhambisa enokonga amandla kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukagesi. Isibonelo, imoto enesivinini esiguquguqukayo ingabekwa kumishini ukuze ilungise ijubane ngokwemithwalo yemikhiqizo, konga ugesi. Futhi, imishini yesimanje ivamise ukuba nezindleko zokugcinwa ezincane, ikunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokugcinwa. Umshini wokukhiqiza ukhakhi lwe-silica olugcinwe kahle ungasebenza ngendlela eqhubekayo isikhathi eside, ukhuphula ukukhiqizwa nokunciphisa izindleko ngalinye lomkhiqizo.
Ubungqabavu Bemvelo
Izikhungo zanamuhla zokucubungula ithusi le-silica zenziwa zigxile kakhulu ekubeni zibe nemvelo. Izinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokulawula uthuli ukufakwa ukuze kwehliswe ukukhishwa kodoti. Isibonelo, amafutha ebhokisi angasetshenziswa ukuxhumana uthuli emoyeni ngesikhathi sokuphahlwa, ukuhlunga, nokuhambisa izinto. La mafutha angafinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lokuqoqa uthuli, kuvamile ukwedlula u-99%, ngalokho kunciphisa kakhulu inani lothuli olukhishwa emoyeni. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela imvelo ngokunciphisa umonakalo womoya kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa izimo zomsebenzi zabantu abasebenza embonini, kuvikeleka impilo yabo.
Izinhlelo zokuphinda zesitsha amanzi nazo ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezimanzini zokukhiqiza uthuli lwe-silica. Enkingeni yokuhlanza, kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu lamanzi ukususa ukungcoliswa kuhlu lwe-silica. Esikhundleni sokukhulula amanzi angcolile ngqo, izitshalo zanamuhla zisebenzisa amathangi okulala, amasihlungi, nemishini yokwelapha amanzi ukuze ihlanze amanzi angcolile. Amanzi aphindaphindiwe angaqhubeka asetshenziswa enkingeni yokuhlanza, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezingeni eliphelele lezitshalo. Ngokusho kwezibalo zomkhakha, uhlelo oluhle lokuphinda ukusebenzisa amanzi ezitshalo zokukhiqiza uthuli lwe-silica lunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwaze kwaba ngu-70%, okuhambisana nomkhuba womhlaba wokugcina amanzi nokuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo.
Izitshalo zokukhiqiza usinki we-silica zibalulekile embonini yanamuhla. Zihlelwe ngohlelo lwezingxenye ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukumboza, ukuhlunga, ukugeza, kanye nezinsiza zokudla nokuhambisa, ngakunye kudlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusuka ekudleni kuya ekuqoqweni nasekubunjweni, ukusebenza okunzima nokuhlelelekile okwenza ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwesihlabathi se-silica esisezingeni eliphezulu.
Izicelo zesihlabathi se-silica okukhiqizwa yale mizi ziningi, zifaka phakathi imboni yobisi obusawolweni, imboni yomshini wokubumba, ceramics, izinto zokufudumeza, nomkhakha wezibulala-zinambuzane. Umkhiqizo osezingeni high, ukonga izindleko, nokuhambisana nemvelo kungesinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi izitshalo zokukhiqiza isigaxa se-silica zingabi nje ezibalulekile empilweni yezimboni kodwa futhi zivumelana nomkhuba wokuthuthukiswa okuzinzile.
Thola Isisombululo
Thumela Umyalezo