Isiphetho:Funda ukuhlela okuphelele kweGold CIL Processing Plant: ukucindezela, ukugqokisa, ukufafaza nokumunca, ukususa, kanye nezinsalela. Thola izinzuzo ezimqoka noluhlu lwemishini.
Inqubo ye-Carbon-in-Leach (CIL) ingenye yezinqubo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.ubuchwepheshe bokukhishwa kwegolidengaphandle kwezimbiwa ze-gold ye-hard rock. Inhlanganisela yokukhipha i-cyanide kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-carbon esebenza kashintshashintsha kuhlangene emsebenzini owodwa oqhubekayo, unika ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokubuyiselwa nokusebenza okuzinzile.
AIph planta yokucubungula iGold CIL ephelelekuqukethe uhlelo lokudlidliza, uhlelo lwezikhupha, uhlelo lokwanda, uhlelo lokukhuculula nokuphonsa, uhlelo lokuhlambulula nokuhlanganiswa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezemfundo kokukhucululwa nezinhlelo zokuphinda zisetshenziswe amanzi.
Izimo Zamakhemikhali Ahlelekile zeCIL Process
Inqubo ye-CIL (Carbon-in-Leach) isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zethusi eziqinile lapho ithusi lihlukaniswe kahle ngaphakathi kwemininingwane ye-ore futhi lungahlukaniswa kahle ngekhemikhali ye-cyanide.
I-CIL ifanele kakhulu:
- Izinhlaka zegolide ze-oxide ezine-cyanide leachability enhle
- Izinsimbi ezine-sulfide ephansi nezine-carbonaceous ephansi
- Izigodi zegolide eziyinqamulelayo ezihlekayo.
- Usayizi wezinsalela zegolide uvamise ukuba ngaphansi kwe-0.1 mm.
- Izinhlaka eziphakathi (ezingama-1–10 g/t, kuye ngempilo yephrojekthi)
Le nqubo ikwenza kahle kakhulu uma igolide ikhona ngendlela evumela i-cyanidation ngqo ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Kweminye imayini engasebenza kahle—njengalezo ezine-sulfide ephezulu, i-carbon eyokwenziwa, noma igolide elingenamkhawulo—kungenzeka kudingeke izindlela ezengeziwe zokuqala. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukweqa, ukupheka, ukucindezela, noma ukuphonsa okuncane ngaphambi kwesigaba se-CIL.
Ukuhlolwa okufanele kwezinsiza, kufaka phakathi izivivinyo zokuhlunga ze-cyanide nezokuhlaziywa kwe-mineralogical, kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka kwesigaba se-CIL futhi kukhombise amathuba okuphuma expected.
Inqubo Yokugeleka Kwegolide CIL
1. Uhlelo Lokuphahlazeka
I-raw ore ifakwa ebhini ye-raw ore futhi ilethwa ngum feeders ye-grizzly ibe yisiqhumiso se-jaw sokuphahlazeka kokuqala. Imathiriyeli ephahlazekile emva kwalokho ithunyelwa nge-belt conveyor ibe yisiqhumiso se-hydraulic cone esinezinhlelo ezilodwa sokuphahlazeka kwesibili.
Umkhiqizo ophukile wesibili uthuthulwa ukuya kwi-vibrating screen. Izinto ezinkulu ezivela esikrinini zibuyiselwa kwi-cone crusher ukuze zibhakabhake kahle, zenza uhlelo lokuphuka oluvulekile. Umkhiqizo ophukile ophumelele esikrinini uthunyelwa ebhinyeni lokugcina izinsimbi ukuze kwenziwe isigaba esilandelayo sokucubungula.
2. Uhlelo Lokuphosa
Ukugaya Kwesigaba Sokuqala
Impahla esuka ebhakedeni yokugcina ithunyelwa yisikhiphi esivundlile emgudwini wombhoxo bese ithunyelwa emshinini wokugaya ibhola. Ukukhishwa komshini wokugaya ibhola kugxila ebhodlweni eliphethe izigaba ezimbili.
Umklaliso ongaphansi (izicucu ezinkulu) ubuya emshinini wokugaya wamabha wesigaba sesibili ukuze uqhubeke nokugaywa, kanti umklaliso ophakanyisiwe uphumele emtankini we-slurry.
Isikhumbuzo Sesibili Sokugqoka
Iphampu ye-slurry iletha i-slurry ku-hydrocyclone ukuze ihlukaniswe. I-hydrocyclone underflow (ingxenye engcohliwe) ibuyela kwi-ball mill yesigaba sesibili ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lokugaya oluvulekile.
Ukukh discharge okuvela kwi-ball mill yesigaba sesibili kuqhamuka emtankini ye-slurry, kuyilapho uku overflow kwe-hydrocyclone (ama-particulate anencane) kuqhubekela phambili esigabeni sokugcina sokusebenza.
3. Uhlelo Lokwandisa Thickness
Uhlanga lwe-hydrocyclone luzodlula esikrinini sezinhlahla. Uhlanga oluhlolwe luhamba luyodlula ethankini yokuhlanganisa lapho kuhlanganiswa khona u-flocculant. Uhlanga luhamba lufika esikhaleni sokukhulisa ukugcwala kwemifino. U-flocculant usheshisa ukubeka phansi: ukuhlangabezana kokunqanda kubuyela ebhuweni elinamanzi okuphinda usebenze; ukuhamba kwenze kusebenza kancane kuze kufike ethankini ye-slurry ukuze kuphumelelwe.
4. Uhlelo Lokukhuculula & Ukuhlawula
I-lime ne-sodium cyanide ikholwa kahle kuma tanki alungiselela ngokuphatha iziphethu. I-slurry iphumelelwa kwi-series yamathangi alungiselela kanye namathangi okufaka, lapho igolide lingeniswa futhi ngesikhashana likhishwa kwi-carbon esebenzayo.
Ngemva kokuphuma, i-slurry igijima ngensimbi iye esikrinini sokuphepha. I-carbon enkulu ibuyiswa ukuze ikwenziwe ngemuva, kanti i-slurry encane ingresha emotweni ye-slurry ukuzilungiselela ukucubungula izinsalela.
Ukukhanya okuphathekayo okwakhiwe kokukhanya okukhanyiswayo kufakwa esigabeni sokugcina sokumunca. Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusiza ukushintsha ukukhanya kokwakhiwa komoya, ukukhanya kuhamba ngesikhumbuzo esiphikisanayo neqembu, kuthuthuka ukusuka echibini elilodwa kuya echibini elandulelelayo ngokulandelana.
Ikhabhoni elilodwa le-carbon nolwelo lukadoti lukhishwa emtankini wesibili wokuhlanza. Uhlanga luhamba ngenhliziyo yokuhlukanisa, lapho i-carbon elilodwa ihlukaniswa. Ulwelo oluhlolwe luphinde luhlehliselwe emtankini wokuhlanza, kanti i-carbon elilodwa ithunyelwa eshabhini yokukhishwa noluhlelo lwezokukhiqiza ukuze iqhubeke nokucutshungulwa.
5. Uhlelo Lokuhlanza Nokuhlola Ugesi
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu nok Pressure ephezulu, kanye nezenzo zesixazululo sokukhishwa, igolide elikhwezwa kukhabhoni lidluliselwa esixazululweni sokukhishwa.
Ihlelo elithwala igolide liphinde lidlule ekutholeni ugesi, kukhiqiza umgubo wegolide. Umgubo wegolide uthunyelwa emsebenzini wokuhlanza ukuze uhlinzekwe, kuze kube sekukhiqizweni kwegolide ye-doré.
6. Ukuqala Okuphakanyisiwe Kokuhlalela Nezicwengezo Zamanzi
I-slurry ekhishwe iphushelwa ngumphezulu we-slurry ukuya ku-filter press. Uma amagumbi e-filter egcwele, ukuhlela kuhlukanisa izigaba eziqinile nezindawo.
Amanzi ahlanzekile akhishwa kwi-filter press adluliselwa ohlelweni lwamanzi oluphindwaphindwayo ukuze asetshenziswe futhi. Ikhekhe le-filter likhishwa ezindongeni ze-filter, libanjwa ngumshayeli, futhi lidluliselwa ukuze lilahlwe noma ligcinwe.
Izinzuzo Zendlela ye-Gold CIL
Inqubo ye-gold cil isetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zokuhlunga igolide zanamuhla ngenxa yokuba lula kokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla.
1. Ukuhlanza nokumunca ngasikhathi sinye
Ngokuphambene nenqubo ye-CIP (Carbon-in-Pulp), i-CIL ihlanganisa ukuchitheka nokumiswa koxhaxha emathangeni afanayo. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokwelashwa futhi kwehlisa ubungozi bokulahleka kwensimbi yegolide ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kweslurry.
2. Ukubuyiselwa Kwegolide OkuPhakeme
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokuphumelela, izinga lokubuyiswa kwegoldi ngokujwayelekile reach 90–95%, futhi liphinde liphumele phezulu emagqumeni akhishwayo kalula.
3. Ukwehliselwa Kwemali Yokutshalwa kweZimpahla
Ngoba ukuhluza nokuminyaniswa kwenzeka emjikijivini owodwa, kuthathwa amatanque amancane nokwakhiwa okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinqubo, kunciphisa izindleko zokuqala zempahla.
4. Isikhathi Sokucubungula Esifushane
Ukuhlangana kokuphuma nokugcinwa kuthuthukisa ukudlanga okuphelele, kuvame ukufushane isikhathi sokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqubo ezikhethwe ezinyathelweni ezihlukile.
5. Ubuchwepheshe Obuqinile Nobuvele Bukhona
I-CIL isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ezinkulungwaneni zezimboni zegolide emhlabeni jikelele. Ubuchwepheshe bayo buhlelekile, buqondwa kahle, futhi buxhaswa ngempahla ethengiswayo evamile kanye nolwazi lokusebenza.
6. Kufaneleka kubasebenzi abaphakathi nendawo ukuya kwabaphezulu.
Izitshalo zok-processing ze-CIL ziyakwazi ukwanda futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini ephakathi kwezinkulungwane ezingu-100 ngosuku kuya kwezizinkulungwane eziyizi-1000 ngosuku.
Lezi zinzuzo zenza i-CIL ibe enye yezobuchwepheshe bokukhipha igolide ezamukelwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Imodeli Evamile Yokucubungula Igolide le-CIL
Ukulungiswa kweGold CIL Processing Plant kuncike ezicacisweni ze-ore kanye neng capacity yokucubungula. Ngezansi kukhona isibonelo esijwayelekile se-medium-scale hard rock gold CIL plant (500–1000 TPD):
Umkhono Wokuphuca
- 1 Ijaw Crusher
- 1 I-Cone Crusher
- I-Vibrating Screen
- Uhlelo Lokuhambisa Ibelting
Ingxenye Yokushaya
- 1–2 Imigwaqo yeBola
- Uhlelo Lokuhlukaniswa Kwe-Hydrocyclone
- Izinsiza Zokuphampisa iSlurry Namathangi
Ingxenye Yokubhambathisa
- Umshini ophakeme wokuthambisa
- Uhlelo Lokufaka I-Flocculant
Uhlaka Lokukhishwa Nokuphawula
- Izitanki ze-CIL eziyi-6–8 ezinama-agitator.
- Uhlelo Lokudlulisela I-Activated Carbon
- Isikrini Sokuphepha
Uhlaka lokuhlunga nokukhipha ugesi
- I-Colon ye-Desorption
- Uhlelo Lokufudumala
- Iceli le-Electrowinning
- Isithando sokushisa igolide
Ithala neMvula Yokuphindisela
- I-Filter Press noma i-Tailings Thickener
- Isikhungo Sokugcina Okomile
- Umthwalo Wamanzi Ojolile
Kwezimboni ezincane zokucubungula igolide ye-CIL (isb. 300 TPD), inani lemishini lingancipha. Kwezimboni ezinkulu (ngaphezulu kwe-2000 TPD), kuyadingeka imigqa eminingi yokushaya kanye namandla e-CIL akhulisiwe.
Ukuhlela kwezitshalo kufanele kuhlonze njalo ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlola lab, imigomo yokukhiqiza, izimo zesayithi, nemigomo yemvelo.
Ithala le-CIL lokucubungula igolide lisekhona phakathi kwezobuchwepheshe ezisebenza kahle futhi ezithembekile zokukhipha igolide ezindaweni zokugcina zokhula ezinzima. Ngokukhululwa okuphezulu, ukusebenza okunokuzinza, kanye nokwakhiwa kweph plants okwandayo, lisetshenziswa kabanzi emisebenzelweni yokumba igolide emaphakathi nasemakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Nokho, wonke amadolo egolide anezinhloso ezihlukile. Uk hardness ye-ore, ukusabalala kwegolide, ukuhlanganiswa kwemaminerali, kanye nezimo zesiza konke kuthinta ngqo ukuklama kwesikhathi nenqubo yokukhetha imishini. Ngakho-ke, plantas ye-CIL ephumelelayo incike hhayi kuphela kumgangatho wemishini kodwa futhi nasekulungiseleleni ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ekuthuthukiseni inqubo, nasekuklanyweni kwezimboni okuqondile.
Ngaphambi kokuphothula ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo, kuhlinzekwa ngokuqinile ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi ukuze kutholakale izinga lokuphuma legolide, ukusetshenziswa kwezithako, ubuchwepheshe bokugaya, kanye nezimo ezikahle zokukhipha. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zimpumelelo, umjikelezo wokudiliza nokuqhwa, ivolumu yethangi, kanye nohlelo lokulayisha ikhabhoni zingahlelelwa kahle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhambisanayo nokuthuthukile kwemali esezingeni elide.
Uma uhlela ubuchwepheshe obusha bokucubungula igolide be-CIL noma uthuthukisa umjikelezo wokucubungula okukhona, ithimba lethu labaklami lingakunikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso ngokuya ngezici zempuphu yakho, umthamo odingekayo, nezindinganiso zemvelo zomphakathi.
Isiluleko
Thola Isisombululo