Summary: Gyratory crusher yana da fa'idodin kankare kwayoyin kai daidai, saurin karya da babban matakin karya da dai sauransu. Ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar gine-ginen kayayyaki, masana'antar gini da kuma masana'antar kemikal.
Kuskuren gyratory yana da fa'idojin tsakanin-tsakanin rushewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin, tsoka mai girma a rushewa, da kuma rabo mai girma na rushewa da sauransu. Ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar kayan gini, masana'antar ma'adinai da masana'antar sinadarai. A cikin samarwa, girman ƙwayoyin ma'adinai daban-daban ne, kuma rashin daidaito na kaya ya fi bayyana.
A'a gyratory crusher sau daɗewa yana da lokacin aiki mai gajeren lokaci saboda lalacewar hannun riga mai juyawa da wuri, wanda ba kawai yana ƙara lokutan kulawa na kayan aiki ba, har ma yana ƙara farashin kulawa kuma yana shafar ƙarfin fitar layin samarwa.
A bangaren da ke gaba, muna mai da hankali kan dalilan da kuma matakan hana lalacewar hannun riga mai juyawa na gyratory crusher da wuri.
Yanayin aiki da matsaloli na gyratory crusher
Hannun riga mai juyawa, kogon da ke motsawa da kuma hannun riga mai siffar kogon sune sassan da ke juyawa na ciki na gyratory crusher. Hannun riga mai juyawa,
A lokacin aikin injin gyratory crusher, domin tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki tsakanin sassan eccentric sleeve da base shaft sleeve da kuma saman haɗin lower main shaft na cone mai motsawa da kuma rage ƙarfin fadadawa na zafi, ana saba yin zuba-zube na alloy na Babbitt a saman saman cylindrical na waje da kuma na ciki na eccentric sleeve. Bayan da injin gyratory crusher ya yi aiki na dan lokaci, eccentric sleeve yana lalacewa saboda faɗuwa ta ƙarfe na Babbitt a saman.
Waƙoƙin da ke shafar rayuwar aiki na sanda mai ɓarna
Yanayin dacewa
Akwai nau'ikan dacewa guda uku da suka shafi sanda mai ɓarna, wato; dacewar saman silinda na waje na sanda mai ɓarna da sanda na tushe, dacewar saman ciki na sanda mai ɓarna da sanda na ƙasa na mashigin da ke motsawa, da kuma dacewar saman sama na mashigin da ke motsawa da saman ciki na sanda na tagulla na sanda mai siffar kōn. Yanayin dacewa yana da tasiri mai yawa akan rayuwar aikin sanda mai ɓarna.
(1) Daidaitaccen tsakanin saman silinda na waje na sanda mai karkata da sanda mai tushe
An yi amfani da daidaiton sarari tsakanin saman silinda na waje na sanda mai karkata da sanda mai tushe. A zahiri, yankin tsabar gaba na saman silinda na waje na sanda mai karkata shine D4. Idan daidaiton ya yi tsanani, sai sanda mai karkata ta yi wahalar aiki a lokacin aikin injin karya. A gefe guda, idan daidaiton ya yi yawa, sai ya haifar da nauyin tasiri a lokacin aikin injin karya.
(2) Daidaitawar saman ciki na sanda mai juyawa da babban sanda na kasa na kogon da ke motsawa
Domin aiki na yadda ya kamata na injin karya mai juyawa, an yi amfani da daidaitawar tsakanin saman ciki na sanda mai juyawa da babban sanda na kasa na kogon da ke motsawa. A al'ada, yankin sassauci na saman silinda na ciki na sanda mai juyawa yana amfani da D4. Idan wannan daidaitawa ya yi wuya sosai, injin karya mai juyawa ba zai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba. A gefe guda, idan daidaitawar ta yi sauki sosai, hakan na iya haifar da nauyin tsoka a lokacin aiki na injin karya mai juyawa.
(3) Daidaitawar sassanin babban shaft na saman kogon mai motsi da saman ciki na bututun tagulla na bututun kogon conical.
Fuskar cikin na tabarau na madubin tagsa na madubin kwano yana da siffar silinda, wanda aka dace da babban jikin makami a kan madubin motsi. Fuskar wajen madubin tagsa na madubin kwano kuwa tana da siffar kwano, wanda aka dace da gutsin karfe na bangaren sanda. A cikin aiki na injin hakowa na gyratory, lokacin da ƙananan babba na jikin makami na madubin motsi ya karkata a wani hanya, babban jikin makami na sama na madubin motsi na danna madubin tagsa domin ya karkata a cikin akasin wannan hanya zuwa ga shugaban da ya karkata na ƙarshen ƙafa na madubin motsi a cikin gutsin karfe na saman tsarin jikin guda. Idan daurewar da ke tsakanin babban jikin makami na madubin motsi da fuskar cikin madubin tagsa na madubin kwano ya yi matuƙar kyale, to dole ne gutsin da bai dace ba zai haifar da ƙarin nauyi.
Yawancin tsakanin rami na shigarwa tsakanin tushe da faretin kasa, faretin kasa da faretin sama.
Allon da ba shi da daidaito an girka shi a jikin na'ura, ƙarshen jan ƙaramin walƙiya na guguwar motsawa an girka shi a jikin farfajiyar kananan, kuma jikin na'ura, ƙasan farfajiya da kuma saman farfajiya suna haɗuwa tare da alluna. Idan ratar dake tsakanin jikin na'ura da ƙasan farfajiya da ratar dake tsakanin ƙasan farfajiya da saman farfajiya basu yi daidai ba, kuskuren allon guguwar a yayin aiki zai kasance daban-daban, kuma allon da ba shi da daidaito zai haifar da ƙarin ɗauka.
Man fetur mai mai
A cikin aikin samarwa, saboda gazawar bututun, ƙura ta shiga cikin tafkin mai daga ƙasan kwannonin da ke motsawa, yana haifar da gurɓatar mai mai. Abubuwan da ba su da kyau suna gudana zuwa bututun eccentric tare da mai, yana haifar da lalacewar bututun eccentric.
Ingancin ƙera alloy Babbitt don bututun eccentric
Ingancin lambobin Babbitt na allurar eccentric sleeve yana da tasiri a kan rayuwar sabis na eccentric sleeve. Don kaucewa lalacewar allurar Babbitt ta MRABTA da al'ada, ana ƙera “ramukan gwiwa” da “ramuka” (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton) a kan eccentric sleeve, domin haɗa bangaren ciki da na waje na eccentric sleeve da kuma allurar Babbitt dake cikin eccentric sleeve gaba ɗaya. A lokacin aikin ƙirƙira, idan ba a haɗa allurar Babbitt gaba ɗaya ba, ƙarfin haɗin kanta zai ƙara rauni, wanda zai haifar da fale-falen allurar Babbitt lokacin da aka yi wa juyi da karfi sosai.
Dalilan da yasa lokacin aiki na hannun kofin eccentric ya zama kasa.
Matsayin rayuwar dadiyar sanda (eccentric sleeve) ya dogara ne akan:
(1) Rashin daidaitawar aiki tsakanin dadiyar sanda, sandar kogon, da ƙarshen shaft na kasa da na sama na kogon da ke motsawa, hakan yana haifar da matsanancin nauyin tasiri da kuma nauyin ƙarin a kan dadiyar sanda yayin aikin tarkon gyratory.
(2) Rarrabuwar nesa tsakanin tushen injin da jikin faramin sanda na kasa, jikin faramin sanda na kasa da na sama, ba daidai ba ne, hakan yana haifar da rashin daidaiton karkatar da sandar kogon, wanda hakan ke haifar da ƙarin nauyi a kan dadiyar sanda.
(3) Akwai ƙazanta da yawa a cikin mai mai, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar jakar eccentric.
(4) Ingancin ƙarfin ƙera haɗin ƙarfe Babbitt a kan jakar eccentric ba ya biyan buƙatu.
Matakan hana
Dangane da dalilan da ke sama na raguwar rayuwar aikin jakar eccentric na gyratory crusher, ana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan hana waɗannan:
(1) Yayin kula da gyratory crusher, ya kamata a auna jakar eccentric da jakar ƙarfe na jakar conical bisa girman da aka zana don tabbatar da daidaitawar da ta dace ta biyan buƙatun zane.
(
(3) A lokacin kulawa, ana bukatar a duba silar rufe-rufe ta tsakiyar silar makircin da ke motsawa da kuma rufe-rufen ƙura domin tabbatar da cewa silar rufe-rufe tana cikin yanayi mai kyau. Da kuma maye gurbin mai mai ƙazanta lokaci-lokaci.
(4) Inganta kula da tsarin zubar da babbit alloy na bututun eccentric don tabbatar da ingancin zubar.
Tare da haɗuwa da ma'adanai, kayan aiki masu girma da inganci mai girma sun zama yanayin zamani, kuma injin gyratory crusher mai ƙarfi yana ƙaruwa a aikace-aikacen samar da ma'adinai. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci fahimtar dalilan lalacewar dadiyar sleeve na gyratory crusher da kuma tsara hanyoyin aiki. Mai aiki ya kamata ya kula da lura da yanayin aiki na sleeve na gyratory crusher, ya tattara dalilan lalacewar sleeve, kuma ya inganta hanyoyin gyara da bukatun shigarwa na sleeve.
Samun Magani
Aika Sako