Takaitawa：Wannan labarin yana bayar da kwatantawa mai zurfi tsakanin HPGR da SAG mills, tare da mayar da hankali kan ingancin makamashi, halayen aiki, yawan aiki, kula da shi, da tasirinsu akan sassaucin ma'adanai.
Kankarewa muhimmin mataki ne a cikin sarrafa ma'adanai. Yana da tasiri sosai ga inganci da tattalin arzikin ayyuka masu zuwa kamar fitar da mai, fitar da ruwan zafi, da rarrabewar nauyi. Hanyar kankarewa ita ce mafi girman mai amfani da makamashi a cikin gidan sarrafa ma'adanai, yawanci tana wakiltar fiye da 50% na jimlar amfani da makamashi a wurin.
Traditionally,Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) millssun zama ginshiƙin manyan ka'idojin aikin niƙa a cikin aikin hakar ma'adanai a duniya baki ɗaya. Duk da haka, tare da ƙaruwa a buƙatar fasahohin sarrafa inganci mai amfani da makamashi da dorewa,High Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR)suka bayyana a matsayin wata madadin mai yiwuwa ko fasaha ta haɗin gwiwa.
Wannan makala tana ba da cikakken kwatance tsakanin HPGR da SAG mills, tare da mai da hankali kan ingancin makamashi, halayen aiki, yawan aiki, kulawa, da tasirin su kan 'yantar da ma'adanai. Fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambancen yana da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin hakar ma'adanai da masu gudanar da shuka waɗanda ke nufin inganta ka'idojin niƙa, rage farashin aikin, da kuma rage tasirin muhalli.
Semi-Autogenous Grinding (SAG) Mills
SAG mills suna babbar kwarya mai jujjuyawa da aka cika rabin tare da ma'adanai da kuma karamin kashi na karfen grinding media (kwallaye). Ma'adanin kansa yana aiki azaman grinding media, saboda haka aka yi amfani da kalmar "semi-autogenous." Tsarin grinding yana dauke da tasiri, gogewa, da kuma gajiya yayin da mil din ke jujjuyawa, tana jujjuya ma'adanai da kwallaye don rage girman kwayoyin.
SAG mills suna amfani da su sosai a cikin tushen grinding saboda iyawarsu na daukar manyan tarin kaya da kuma karban nau'o'in ma'adanai daban-daban. Ana biyowa su da milolin kwallaye don matakai na grinding mafi laushi.
High Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR)
HPGR technology na dauke da tumbin juyawa biyu da ke matse gashƙar ma'adanin a ƙarƙashin babban matsin lamba. Wannan matsin lamba mai ƙarfi yana haifar da ƙananan fashe-fashe da matsewar tsakanin ƙwayoyin, wanda ke haifar da rage girma. Tumbin an tsara su don aiki a ƙananan matsi mai girma fiye da na al'ada masu karya ma'adanin.
HPGR an yarda da shi don ingancin amfani da enerji a cikin nika da ikon inganta hanyoyin da suka biyo baya ta hanyar samar da rarrabewar girman ƙwaya mai ma'ana da haɓaka fitar da ma'adanai.
Kwatancen Ingancin Makamashi
Amfanin makamashi yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan farashin aikin a cikin sarrafawa ma'adinai. Gwanin na iya riƙe har zuwa kashi 50% na amfani da makamashi na dukkanin ƙarƙashin. Saboda haka, zaɓen fasahar da ta fi inganci wajen amfani da makamashi yana da matuƙar mahimmanci don dorewar tattalin arziki da muhalli.
Amfani da Makamashi a cikin SAG Mills
SAG mills suna cin ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa saboda motsin jujjuyawar babban tarin ma'adanin da aka ƙirƙira da kuma kayan aikin gwanin. Ana isar da makamashi ta hanyar tasiri da ƙarfi na ɓarnatarwa, amma kashi mai yawa yana ƙonewa a matsayin zafi, hayaniya, da girgiza. Bugu da ƙari, SAG mills yawanci suna samar da fa'idodin girman ƙwayoyin da ke da yawa tare da babban adadin ƙananan ƙwayoyin, wanda zai iya haifar da ƙarin gwanin da kuma ɓarnar makamashi.
Matsakaicin amfani da kuzari don SAG mills yana bambanta gwargwadon wahalar ore, girman abinci, da kwaskwarimar mill amma gabaɗaya yana tsakanin 15 zuwa 25 kWh ga ton na ore da aka sarrafa.
Amfani da Kuzari a HPGR
Fasahar HPGR tana amfani da ƙarfin matsawa wanda yake haifar da ƙananan karaya a cikin ƙwayoyin, yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarancin kuzari don cimma rage girman da ake so. Bincike sun nuna cewa HPGR na iya rage amfani da kuzari tsakanin 20% zuwa 40% idan aka kwatanta da SAG mills don juyawa da girman samfurin da suka yi daidai.
Ingancin kuzari na HPGR yana tasowa daga tsarin ƙayyadaddun karya da rage yawan ƙarya. Matsawa tsakanin ƙwayoyin yana haifar da rarraba girman ƙwayoyin da ta fi ƙanƙanta, yana rage yawan ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ke haifar da ƙarin kuzari a cikin hanyoyin da aka yi daga baya.
Rarraba Girman Sassa da 'Yanci
Rarraba girman sassa (PSD) da matakin 'yancin ma'adinai suna shafar ingancin aiwatar da tsari bayanan rabuwa kai tsaye.
PSD a cikin Masu Gyarawa na SAG
Masu gyarawa na SAG sun fi yawan samar da wani fadi na PSD, wanda ya haɗa da wani kaso mai yawa na ƙananan sassa da manyan sassa. Kasancewar ƙarin ƙananan sassa na iya rikitar da ruwan jiki da zubawa ta hanyar ƙara amfani da sinadaran da rage zaɓi. Hakanan yin girki fiye da kima yana haifar da ƙarin kuɗin makamashi da yiwuwar matsalolin tafiya.
PSD a HPGR
HPGR yana samar da PSD mai daidaito tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Matsi mai ƙarfi yana haifar da haɗarin micro, wanda ke inganta fitowar ma'adanai ba tare da samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyi masu yawa ba. Wannan ingantaccen fitowar na iya haifar da ƙarin yawan dawo a cikin fitowar ruwa da sauran hanyoyin amfanin ma'adanai.
Gudun aiki da Iko
Ikon Mills na SAG
Mills na SAG suna da ikon sarrafa babban matakin aiki, sau da yawa suna wuce ton 20,000 a kowace rana a cikin manyan ayyuka. Juriya da ikon su na sarrafa nau'ikan ma'adinai da dama suna mai da su zabi da aka fi so don zaren ƙasa na farko.
Duk da haka, SAG mills suna buƙatar babban jarin hannun jari kuma suna da tsadar aiki mai yawa saboda amfani da makamashi da kulawa.
HPGR Capacity
HPGR na iya kuma gudanar da manyan ƙimar wucewa kuma ana ƙara haɗa su cikin manyan tsarin ƙirƙirar kankare. Ana yawan amfani da su tare da ball mills don inganta ingancin ƙirƙira.
Tsarin gajeren HPGR da kuma buƙatar makamashi mai ƙasa suna sa su zama masu jawo hankali ga sababbin shigarwa da faɗaɗa tashoshi.
La'akari da Aiki da Kulawa
SAG Mills
SAG mills suna da yawa sassan motsi, ciki har da liners da kuma grinding media, wanda ke bukatar duba akai-akai da canji. Tsarin kula na iya daukar lokaci mai yawa da farashi mai tsada, yana bukatar dakatar da mill.
Haka kuma, SAG mills suna haifar da muryar jiki da tsawa sosai, wanda ke bukatar goyon bayani mai karfi da kuma sarrafawa na muhalli.
HPGR
HPGRs suna da sassa masu motsi kaɗan, musanman juyawa da tsarukan tuki da suka danganci. Yayin da juyawa ke fuskantar gajiya, musamman lokacin da ake sarrafa kayan aikin abrasive, tsawon lokutan kula yana yawan zama mai tsawo, kuma lokacin dakatarwa yana raguwa.
HPGR aiki yana bukatar kulawa da girman abinci sosai da kuma rarraba abinci mai kyau don guje wa saurin wear mara daidaito da inganta aikace-aikace.
Tasirin Muhalli
Ingancin makamashi na HPGR yana fassara zuwa ƙananan fitar da gass na greenhouse da kuma raguwa a cikin alamar carbon idan aka kwatanta da SAG mills. Bugu da ƙari, raguwa a cikin samar da fines yana rage matsalolin kula da kura da slurry.
Hakanan, karamin filin HPGR yana rage amfani da ƙasa da kuma tsangwama na muhalli da suka haɗa.
Yadda za a Zaɓi Mashi ɗin Nika mai Dacewa?
Both HPGR and SAG mills have distinct advantages and limitations. SAG mills remain a proven technology capable of handling a wide range of ores and large throughput requirements. However, their high energy consumption and maintenance demands pose challenges in the context of rising energy costs and sustainability goals.
HPGR offers a compelling alternative with superior energy efficiency, improved particle size distribution, and enhanced mineral liberation. Its operational simplicity and lower maintenance requirements further contribute to its attractiveness.
In modern mineral processing, a hybrid approach often yields the best results—combining HPGR for initial size reduction with ball mills or SAG mills for finer grinding stages. This integration optimizes energy use, throughput, and recovery, aligning with both economic and environmental objectives.
Tattaunawa
Samun Magani