Summary: A cikin injin blendu mai zagaya, firam ɗin ƙira na sama na takaita muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita shafin babban shaft, canja wutar lantarki, da shaƙa nauyi mai ƙarfi. Wannan labarin yana mai da hankali kan tsarin firam ɗin sama, muhimman ayyukansa, kiyayewa na yau da kullum, da cikakken tsarin musayar ƙa'idar da masu aiki a filin dole su bi....
A matsayinta ta na babban injin murkushewa na farko don manyan da ƙarin girma na masana'antar hakar ma'adinai, haɗe-haɗe, da tsarukan sarrafa ma'adinai, the karamar masanin tsarin rarraba ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin masana'antar karafa, kayan gini, kayan kimiyya, da masana'antar siminti.
The main frame—comprising the upper, middle, and bottom frames—forms the core component of the karamar masanin tsarin rarraba. Among these, the upper frame plays a critical role in stabilizing the main shaft, transferring power, and absorbing heavy impact loads. Long-term heavy impact, vibration and dust erosion inevitably cause frame deformation, sealing failure and metal fatigue, making upper frame replacement one of the most essential overhaul works for karamar masanin tsarin rarrabas.
This article focuses on the upper frame’s structure, core functions, daily maintenance, and the complete standardized replacement procedure for field operators.
Tsarin Tsarin Haɗin Ƙarƙashin Ƙirar Sama
Sasshen tsari na saman gadon. karamar masanin tsarin rarraba Yawanci yana ƙunshe da mahimman sassan guda hudu: bangaren sama, bandin babban sandar, murfin ƙisƙiya, da kayan rufewa.
Ƙarƙashin gindin sama yana zama ginshikin tushe; yana da tsarin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da tsarukan ɗagawa ko haɗe, an gina shi don jure tasirin ƙarfi mai yawa da aka haifar a lokacin lalacewa.
Mai zaren daure da shaft ɗin ƙasusuwa Yana aiki a matsayin "miyau na haɗin", yana amfani da haɗin mai shafawa don rage jinkirin tsakanin babban sanda da farfajiya ta saman.
Marufin juyawa yana nufin daidaita karfin axial na babban shaft, hana lalacewar sassan na'urorin da o tayi sanadiyyar lodi marar daidaito.
Kayan rufewa Yana aiki kamar "isma ɗin ƙura", yana hana ƙura shigar da cikin ƙwayoyin cikin gida kuma ta haka yana tsawaita rayuwar ayyukansu.
2. Manyan Ayyukan Iyakar Sama
A cikin siji karamar masanin tsarin rarraba, shimfidar sama tana gudanar da ayyuka guda 5:
2.1 Taimakon Ƙarƙashin Jirgin Sama
A saman akalar sama tana tallafa da sanda. Wani bushe a cikin bututun tsakiyar sanda yana ɗaga babban silinda na kwalliyar karo, yana ba da damar motsin juyawa na mantle.
2.2 Gyara Matsayin Babban Silindiri
Ta hanyar dacewar tsari tsakanin mai ƙara babban silinda da bayanin ɗakunan sama, yana hana girgizar radial na babban silinda yayin juyawa da sauri mai yawa da ƙarfi mai nauyi.
2.3 Isar da Ƙarfin Murƙushewa
Ƙarfin tasirin kayan kwalliya na abu mai ƙraya a cikin dakin murƙushewa akan kusurwar motsi (mantle) ana isar da shi ta hanyar babban shaft zuwa kan netwaki na sama sannan kuma daga netwakin sama zuwa tushe na injin ƙwaro.
2.4 Nauyin ɗauka
A matsayin muhimmin bangare na tsari, tsarin sama yana ɗaukar ƙarfin radial da na aƙalla a ciki da aka haifar yayin tarwatsa, yana kiyaye daidaituwar yanayin geometrical na crusher din gyratory.
2.5 Tsakani da Shaƙewa da Rauɗin Dokwa
Ana aiki tare tsakanin makullin tuki da na'urar rufewa don shan wani kaso mai yawa na makamashin jijjiga, wanda zai hana na'urar murkushewa mai juyi hawa ta fuskar fashewa saboda jijjiga na lokaci mai tsawo.
3. Yaushe za a maye gurbin Firam ɗin Sama
Kafin a yi disassembling da musanya tsarin sama, dole ne masu aiki su tantance ko musanya yana da muhimmanci gwargwadon yanayin aikin kayayyakin.
Kafofin Kai tsaye na Musanya:
- Dauro mai tsanani mara nauyi Girman girgiza yana ci gaba da wuce millimita 0.1 bayan gyara.
- Rushewar tsarin: Rashin ƙoshin fuskar tsari a saman ƙwallo, kamar lalacewa, buɗa ko gurbacewar ƙarfe a fili.
- Manyan matsalolin kullewa: Gashi ba zai iya warewa ba ko da an sake musanya sassa masu kullewa lokaci-lokaci.
- Kyakkyawar daidaituwar aiki mai raɗaɗi Tsananin ɓacewa akan haɗin haɗin da ke cutar da daidaiton aiki kuma ba za a iya dawo da shi ta hanyar gyara ba.
- Gudanarwa mai rashin kwanciyar hankali na ƙugiya ta babban juzu'i Kewaye na musamman na bushing yana haifar da jaɗaɗɗen juyawa na babban sanda.
4. Tsarin Sauyawar Fuskar Ƙarƙashin Sama na Tsari
4.1 Shirin Shirye-shiryen Kafin Rufe
Dakata da ciyarwa gabaɗaya, a wanke duk kayan da ke cikin ramin ƙwaturar, sannan a kashe na'urar. Kashe wutar lantarki da tsarin mai mai, sannan a kulle na'urar don tabbatar da tsaron gini.
4.2 Yanke Kayan Aiki na Taimako
Yi allon cire murfin ƙura na waje, haɗaɗɗen rufin, dunƙule-dunƙule na haɗin kai da bututun mai. Fitar da abun ɗaukewar ƙarfi da kusurwar babban sanda cikin tsarin tsari don buɗe ƙaramar rufin sama.
4.3 Jawo da ɗaga Tsohuwar Frame ɗin Sama kuma A cire
Yi amfani da kayan ɗagawa na ƙwararru don saurin gyara ƙafafun sashe na sama a daidai. Cire dukkan dunƙule-dunƙule masu haɗawa tsakanin sashe na sama da sashe na tsakiya, sannan ɗaga tsohuwar sashe sama da tsaye domin gujewa haɗuwa da gila da gogayya.
4.4 Sanya Sabon Kanƙara na Sama
Sanya sabon saman bangon ƙarfi sosai a wurin da ya dace. Ƙara dukkan fulogin da daidaito a jere mai lanƙwashe domin tabbatar da rarraba ƙarfin daidai.
4.5 Sake Hadawa Kayayyakin Ciki
Sake shigar da safar injin babban sanda, mai ɗaga ƙura da na'urar kulle. Shafa mai mai yahudu da yawa domin ya yi tubalin mai mai ruwa mai kyau.
4.6 Gyaran Kuskure Bayan Fassara
Ka gudanar da gwajin aiki ba tare da kaya ba na awa 1 zuwa 2. Kulawa da bayanan karkarwa, zafin jiki, da sautin aiki. Idan karkarwar amplitude ta samu a cikin 0.1mm kuma babu hayaniya mai ban al'ajabi da ya faru, za a iya sake farawa da samar da kayayyaki na hukuma.
5. Kulawa na yau da kullum don faɗaɗa rayuwar sabis na Sashin Sama
Don gujewa sauye-sauyen yau da kullum da rage kudaden gyara, dole ne masu aiki su bi wannan tsarin gyara na yau da kullum:
5.1 Mannewa da lokacin-da-yake-normal
Cika mai jikin ramin babban sanda da mai mai laushi kowacce sa'o'i 8 don kaucewa jinkiriniddi da ƙaruwa da zafin jiki.
5.2 Duba Jakunkuna na Makonni-makonni
Dubawa satifiket ɗin roba ko'ina a kowane mako don lalacewa ko tsofafi. Sauyawa da wuri na hana shigar kura da lalacewar cikin gida.
5.3 Kula da Guduwar Damuwa a Lokaci Na Gaskiya
Amfani da na'urorin firgita don sa ido kan ramin sama a lokaci guda. Idan tsayin firgita ya haura 0.1mm, dakatar da na'urar murɗa ta hanyar gaggawa don duba.
5.4 Hana ɗaukaka ƙarfi sosai
Overfeeding will significantly increase upper frame pressure and accelerate metal fatigue. Feeding capacity must not exceed the karamar masanin tsarin rarraba’s rated processing volume.
6. Fa'idodin Sassan Sama na Kankara Mai Juyawa SBM HGT Kankara Mai Juyawa Upper Frame
SBM's HGT mahaɗin juyawa mai ƙasaƙaƙƙen jirgin ƙasa yana da ƙirar ƙarana fuska mai ƙarfi sosai, mai ɗaukaka nauyi mai nauyi sosai, yana ba da ƙarfafa tsarin ginin gaba ɗaya. Hanyar zana ta kyautata ƙarfi da ƙarfin ɗaukar duka, tana rage samun murɗewa da lokutan musanyawa cikin inganci.
An gina shi don jimre mafi mawuyacin yanayin samarwa, yana tabbatar da tsawon zaman aikin sa, aiki mafi lafiya da kuma abin dogara, da kuma rage kudin samarwa da kulawa gaba ɗaya.
Samun Magani
Aika Sako