Summary: Ithuluzi eligcwele lokuhlukanisa ubunjineli emhlabeni wokucubungula izinsiza zemvelo. Funda ngokuhleleka okuningi kwezinhlelo zokucubungula izinsiza zemvelo ezinqunyelwe ngokomzimba okufaka phakathi amatafula okudlidliza, amajigisi nemijikelezo....

Iyini Indlela Yokuhlukanisa Ngomgomo Wesikhala?

Ukuhlukana kweGravity (Iphinde ibizwe ngokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwe-jetina) ngomunye wemishini emidala kakhulu, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphuculeni izimayini. I-ona owemgogodla wombono womkhakha wezimayini, ikakhulukazi ekucubunguleni i-tungsten, i-tin, igolide le-plaser, nezinye izimayini ezinzima. Ukubaluleka kwalo kusenzeka kwangaphambili ngenxa yokulula kwalo, nokonga izindleko, nokuba nomthelela omuhle kwezemvelo.

Umgomo Esiqondisayo Esiyinhloko Wemvelo

Ihlukanisa izinto ezibalulekile ezihlosiwe zamaminerali nezinto ezingenamsebenzi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-gangue rock ngokuya ngokwehluka okucacile ekuzinzini kwamaminerali (ubukhulu ) ngaphansi kokudonswa kwethafa lokuheha nokusebenza komoya-mpilo, kusetshenziswa amanzi, umoya noma ukuzungezisa okwinde njengendlela yokuhlukanisa.

Izinhlayiya ezahlukahlukene zeziminerali ziminyene ngokushesha okukhulu ezimisweni ezihamba: iziminerali eziningi kakhulu ezingezona ezinsimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi zimile ngokushesha, kuyilapho ezincane ezingenabo ubunzima noma izimpondo zihlala phezulu noma ziphupha ngomfula ophakathi. Ukwahlukaniswa okuphelele ngokwesikali kwenzeka kuphela emanzini ahamba njalo ngokungapheli.

Gravity Separation

Umkhawulo wobungako obusebenzayo bemolekyuli

  • Inhlubeko engenazo i-corase 25 mm (ukwahlukanisa okukhulu okuphezulu, i-jig enkulu)
  • Umthambo ophakathi 2–25 mm (conventional jig, spiral chute)
  • Izinto ezincane ezilimele: 0.1–2 mm (shaking table, spiral concentrator)
  • Slime: <0.1 mm (ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa okuphansi, kuvamise ukuhambisana nama-concentrator wokujikijela we-gravity)

Izimo Eziyinhloko Zokuhlukanisa Ngokuphumelelayo

Ukuze ukuhlukaniswa kwemqiniba kube yinzuzo kwezomnotho nangokomqondo, izimo ezilandelayo kumele zihlangabezane nazo:

isimo Incazelo
Umahlukanisi Omsebenzi Omningi Kumele kube nokwehluka okukhulu kumshini wokulinganisa ongabazwelanga phakathi kwamaminerali abalulekile nomgodi (itshe elilahlekile). Umehluko omkhulu wokungena kwesisindo ubangela ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo futhi okulula.
Ukukhululwa Imaminerali abaluleke kakhulu kumele akhululwe (aphumule) emamineral we-gangue ngokucindezela nokugaya. Usayizi wezinhlayiya kumele lube mncane ngangoko nje ukuthi izinhlayiya ngamunye zingaba ungumaminerali abalulekile kakhulu noma igangue kakhulu.
Ububanzi Obufanele Phakathi Kwezinhlayiya Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-gravity kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekucubunguleni ametshini amakhulu, amaphakathi, futhi amancane (cishe >0.1 mm kuya ku-25 mm). Sekukhula ukwehluleka ukusebenza kahle ngokweqile kuma-particles amancane kakhulu (amahlamvu, <0.1 mm) ngenxa yokuncane komzimba wawo nokukhuluma kwendawo yephansi.

Inqubo Yokuhlukanisa Ngezinga Leziyingi Ezingeni Eliqhubekayo Eli-3

Inqubo yonke yokuhlukanisa isisindo ngokuphelele ngokuvamile ihlanganisa izigaba ezintathu ezikhulu: Ukulungiselela, Ukuhlukaniswa (Ukuhlukanisa)Futhi Ukhathalelo Lomkhiqizo.

Isigaba sokuqeqesha

Inhloso yesigaba sokulungiselela ukukhipha ukwanda kwemisebenzi yenqubo yokuhlukanisa. Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zifaka:

  • Ukuphonsa nokugaya: Ukunciphisa usayizi kubalulekile ukuze kufinyelelwe ekukhululweni kwezimbiwa ezibalulekile kusukela ku-gangue. Usayizi wokuthambisa olungile ucelwa ngezici zamaminerali kanye nosayizi begrain bamaminerali ahlosiwe.
  • Ukugeza nokususa ukuncibilika kwamanzi Ukuze kutholwe izimbiwa ezinenani eliphezulu lezinsimbi zokweluka noma izinto ze-colloidal, ukugeza kwenziwa ukususa lezi zinto ezinobungako obuncane, ezingaphazamisa inqubo yokuhlukanisa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kumshini wokuhlikihla noma ku-log washer.
  • Ukuhlola Nokuhlukanisa: Unotshwayo ophukiweyo uhlukaniswa abe yizigaba zosayizi ezihlukene (isb., ezinkulu, ezimaphakathi, ezincane) ngokuhlunga noma ukuhlukaniswa ngamanzi anomsindo. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ehlukene noma izimo zokusebenza ezenziwe zisebenze kahle kulowo nomumo wesayizi ngasinye.

Isigaba Sokwandisa Inzuzo

Lesi isiteji esiyinhloko lapho ukuhlukaniswa okungokoqobo kwamaminerali abalulekile kusukela ku-gangue kwenzeka khona. Igoro idlula kwamayunithi okwahlukanisa ngokudonswa ngumhlaba, njengezikhungo, amatafula okusikisana, izikulito, noma abakhiqizi bemfucumfucu bemfucumfucu.

Izilungiselelo Ezivamile:

  • Umzila Olula: Kwizintfo ezilukhuni, ezilula ukuhlinzekwa, ukuphasa okukodwa kumshini wokuhambisa umthetho (isib., i-jig) kungaba nokwanele.
  • Ugesi Oziyinkimbinkimbi For ores with unevenly disseminated valuable minerals, a multi-stage “stage separation” process is often used. This involves:
    • Roughing: Ukuhlolwa kokuqala ukulahla ingxenye enkulu yezinsalela.
    • Cleaning: Okusheshayo ukuqeda ukukhipha izinto ezingalingani kakhudlwana emgqeni wokugcina.
    • Scavenging: Ukuhamba kwesithathu ukuze kubuyiselwe izimayini eziyigugu ezisele kusukela ezingusi ezibukhali.

3. Ukwandisa Nokugcina ngemva Kokwelashwa Kwedlela

Lesi sigaba sibhekene nokusingatha kwemikhiqizo yokugcina (ukugxila ne-tailings).

Ukuqina Kwengcindezi Yesikhungo Sokufuthwa Kwamanzi
Ukugxilile/ukugxilile okuphakathi kuphela kudinga ukungena kwemvelo okungena phansi kwemali ephahleni ye-gold; ukugxilile okuncane okuncane kudinga ukufakwa kwefoda lokomisa ukomisa. Ukuze unikeze ngemikhiqizo ye-smelting epakishwe, kudingeka imishini yokomisa.

Ukukhishwa KweTailings
Izinsalela ezinkulu zingaphuthwa ngqo yimishini yezimoto zokwahlalisa umbano; izinsalela ezincane zithunjwa emadlelweni ezinsalela noma ziphothulwa ngezisistimu zokulahla ezomile ukuze zihlangabezane nemithetho yezemvelo.

Izinhlobo Zendlela Zokuhlukanisa Ngokuqinana Kwezinto

Ngokusekelwe enhlanganweni yokunyakaza kwe-media kanye nenhloso ye-operesheni, izindlela zokwahlukanisa i-gravity zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba eziningana, kuhlanganise nokuhlukanisa ngokwezigaba, ukuhlukanisa nge-medium esindayo, jigging, itheyibhulethi yokushaya, i-spiral, ukuhlukaniswa nge-centrifugal, ukuhlukaniswa ngomoya, nokuwasha. phakathi kwalezi, ukuhlukanisa nge-medium esindayo, jigging, itheyibhulethi yokushaya, ne-spiral yizindlela ezine ezivame kakhulu ekucubungulweni kwezimbiwa zezimboni.

Ukuhlukanisa Okuphakathi Okukhulu (HMS) / Ukuhlukanisa Okumunca Ukushisa Okukhulu (DMS)

Ukwehlukanisa Okukhulu Okuphakathi kuwindlela yokuhlukanisa esimweni esizinzile esetshenziswa umkhiqizo wombila onomthamo oyinqaba phakathi kwamathamo amabili amaminerali okumele ahlukane.

Inqubo: I-ore emnandi ifakwa endleleni okumphezulu kuye kumfino odidiyelwe (okuvamile amanzi ahlanganiswe neferrosilicon ethambile noma i-magnetite). I-rock ye-gangue elula iyawela phezulu, kuyilapho i-mineral enenani elinzima njalo ihlehla ezansi.

Okusetshenziswa Nokudla Okungcono: Ukuqoqwa kwangaphambili kwezinye izinto ezingaphansi (ukuhlanza ugodo, ukuthola idayimane, nokuphulukisa itshe elilahliwe ngaphambi kwamakhonsathi okugoqa abizayo ukuze kugcinwe i-CapEx).

2. Ukugxila kwe-Jig (Ukuguqugua kwe-Jig)

Ukufakazelwa kuyinqubo ehambayo ehlukahlahlukweni yemaminerali eminingi ene-diensi ehlukene endaweni yomoya oqinile, ohlomile.

Inqubo: Iqhaqaza lihleli esikrinini esivulekile kanti umshini uphoqelela amanzi ukuthi alungise ngendlela eziphakade phezulu nangaphansi engqondweni. Ukushayela kwamanzi phakade kukhuphula iqembu lezicucu (ukuphuma kweqoqo), futhi ukusula phansi kuvumela izicucu ukuba zihlehle. Izicucu ezisindayo zihlehla ngokushesha futhi ziqoqa ngaphansi, kuyilapho izicucu ezikhanyayo zihlala phezulu futhi ziyasulwa ngaphandle.

Okusetshenziswa Nokudla Okungcono: Izinto ezinqamula phakathi kwekhwalithi ephakathi nendawo ukuya kokukhishina okuphezulu (10 mm kuya ku-0.5 mm), ezivamile ukusetshenziselwa ukumanzisa insimbi, umnqumo, i-barite, kanye ne-tungsten.

3. Ukugxilwa KoShintsho Lokukhonkotha

ithebula lokudlidliza (noma ithebula leWilfley) liyisihlungi sokulinganisa amafilimu esebenzisa ideski elingamaphakathi, elinezinqe ezigobile ezihlala zikhwelayo ngokungalingani.

Inqubo: Ifilimu emincane yamanzi icwiliza phezulu kwetafula elinomkhono ngesikhathi umkhono uphaphazeka phambili nangemuva. Ama-particles aphezulu aqina aqhakaza ema-rifles futhi aqhutshwa ngokuphambene nalokho ngokunyakaza kokukhuphuka phambili ngaphansi kokunyakaza kokuphaphazeka aye emgqameni wokugcwalisa. Ama-particles alula e-gangue ahlezi ephakeme emanzini futhi ahlanjululiswa phezu komunwe ongezansi njengemfucuza.

Okusetshenziswa Nokudla Okungcono: Izinto ezinekhono ezincane (0.5 mm kuye ku-0.037 mm). Ihambisa isilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu sokuhlukanisa, yenza kube yisikhombimkhawulo esivamile sokukhiqiza amakhonke wokugcina ezimayini zegolide ezenziwa ngesandla nakwezekhulu.

4. Ukuqoqwa kwe-Spiral

Ispirali bathe izixhobo eziqhubekayo ezisebenzisa umjelo wokuhluma ohlalayo okujikeleza okhupha amandla edlalwa yimbiza ephezulu kanye nobunzima.

Inqubo: I-slurri ifakwa phezulu kwe-spirali. Njengoba ihamba phansi ngokuzungezisa, ama-particle aluhlaza alihleli emazingeni aphansi ngaphakathi ku-spirali ngenxa yokungqubuzana kanye namandla okudonswa. Ama-particle alula ashushiswa ngamandla okuphindaphindiwe aqondiswa emaphethelweni angaphandle. Abahlukanisi abanokulungiswa ekugcineni bahlukanisa ukugeleza ube yizithako eziqinisiwe, phakathi kanye nokuphela.

Okusetshenziswa Nokudla Okungcono: Amatshe anzima anemininingwane emincane (2 mm kuyehla ku-0.074 mm) adinga ukuhamba okukhulu, njengokuhlanza uwoyela wesikulufa, amatshe e-chromite, i-zircon, kanye namatshe ensimbi amathayi.

spiral concentration

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezingxenyekazi Zokuhlukanisa Ubuningi Obuphelele

Igama Lemishini Usayizi weqanda lokudla olusebenzayo Inzuzo Eyinhloko Umkhawulo Omkhulu Iholwa le-Gold elilungele kakhulu
Imishini ye-Jig 20 ~ 0.5 mm Ukukhishwa okukhulu ngezikhathi zamasaha, izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, ukugcina okulula Izinga eliphansi lokugcizelela, alikwazi ukucubungula izinsalela ezincane kakhulu Igolide yePlacer, i-hematite, uphawu lwe-chrome, ukugeza kwebhasi le-carbon
Ithebula Lokugqumela 2 ~ 0.038 mm Isilinganiso sokuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu, amabandla emayini abonakalayo, ukuqedela okuphezulu kweminerali okuphelele Ubukhulu obuncane bendlela yokusebenza eyodwa, indawo enkulu phansi Ithungwini, ithusi, ukuhlanza kwegolide ebushelelezi, uthuli lwezinto ezisindayo ezivame kakhulu.
Umshini wokuhlanganisa i-spiral / Isihlabathi se-spiral 1 ~ 0.075 mm Azikho izingxenye ezihambayo ezigqokayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi namanzi, ukugijima okuqhubekayo Ukukhuphuka okunamandla okuphansi kokuphakanyiswa kabili Ugandaganda wensimbi, i-beach zircon/rutile, ukuhlukaniswa kokuqala okungafani nenkontileka
Isithuthukisi Se-Centrifugal 0.074 ~ 0.01 mm Phola ithayela elinamandla kakhulu legolide elinzima/lepulasitiki elilahlekile ngomshini wendabuko wokuwisa ngenhloso enkulu Isikhathi sokuhlanza ngokuzenzakalela esivamile siyadingeka Ubukhazikhazi bephelele begolide beribhoni, ukukhishwa kwezingxenye zensimbi ye-tin engasemthethweni eziyinqaba
Umehluko Omkhulu Womaphakathi (DMS) 100 ~ 6 mm i-gem ore enkulu Phonsa udoti omningi wabhodi ngaphambi kokugoqa, enciphisa izindleko zombane jikelele Udinga uhlelo lokuvuselela inkomishi enkulu ephakathi nendawo. Ugcolo, ithusi ekilasini eliphansi lobumba lwe-lump ore ngaphambi kokuhlukaniswa
Umhlahlanyomoya Omilele Ohlukanisi Bomthwalo 10 ~ 0.1 mm uphahleni olomile Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okungathiwani, akukho ukungcoliswa kwe-slurry emginci Uhlelo lokulawula uthuli luyimpoqo, ukulanyakazisa okuphansi kunezenqubo ezomileyo Umthombo wamanzi ophuthelwe esilungwini semayini, ukuhlukanisa uphepha olomile kokliswa kwamalahle

Izinto Eyinhloko Ezithinta Ukusebenza Kokwahlukanisa Ngezinga

Izizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko ezibalulekile: impahla yegolide yegolide, indlela yokuhlukanisa, imodeli yezesekeli nezinto zokusebenza.

Izimpahla Zegolide (Isici Esiyinhloko)

  • Umehluko wokugcina phakathi kwemayini enenani nomganu: Ibanga elikhulu kakhulu = ukuhlukaniswa okwengeziwe nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu.
  • 2. Ukwabiquka kosayizi wezinhlayiya zamaminerali: Ukudla okuhlukanisiwe okufanayo kuvimbela ukuphazamisana phakathi kweminerali emkhulu nephansi; ukwelashwa okweqile kwe-slime okuphaphaleleka kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwensimbi.
  • 3. Izinga leclay & umphunga: I-slime ethi kakhulu inyusa i-viscosity phakathi, ikhubaze ukufana kobukhulu, kufuneka ibhujiswe kusengaphambili.
  • 4. Ifomethi yokusabalalisa imayini: Ugolide omkhulu owaba umonoma osakazekile ufinyelela umphumela wokudonswa emhlabeni ongcono kakhulu kunezinga elincane lezimpande ezixhumene nazo.

Ukusebenza Komphakathi Wokuhlukanisa

Into e-medium (okuvamile amanzi) kuthinta ukuminyana okusebenzayo kohlelo. Ngenkathi amanzi ejwayelekile, ukuminyana kwe-medium kungashintshwa.

  • umoya (Ukuhlukana Okumelene Nokomileyo): Ephumelelayo kancane ngenxa yokuntula ubungako obuphakathi. Isetshenziselwa izifunda ezomileyo noma ezimayelana nezingcezu ezithile zegolide.
  • Water: Ezingeni evamile; esebenzayo futhi eshibhile.
  • AmaLiqidi Amkhulu / AmaSuspension (HMS): Ingehlazo kakhulu, kodwa ibiza kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okuphusile kwezithasiselo.

Uhlobo Lwezisetshenziswa Nezimo Zokusebenza

Ngayon wonke umzimba wemishini unezindawo zokusebenza ezithile ngokuthile kwamasayizi amangqamuzana, amandla, nomthamo wokudla. izinto eziyinhloko okufanele zilawulwe zifaka:

  • Ijubane Lokufuya Ukukhuphuka kakhulu kungadala ukweqa amadivayisi nokulahleka kokwehlukanisa; ukwehla kakhulu kowonke kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwemishini.
  • Ubukhulu Bokudla Okungapheli Affects the viscosity of the pulp; must be maintained within the equipment’s optimal range.
  • Isilinganiso Sokugeleza Kwamanzi (ketanga, amathoyizi): Okubalulekile ekudaleni isenzo esifanele sokuthambisa nomfuduko wokuhlela izinhlayiya.
  • Imvambezwa Yokuqhuma Nokunyuka (kwejigs): Kuthinta indlela izakhamzimba ezihlalela futhi zihlelwa ngayo.
  • Amandla Okudonsa (kwaba-concentrators): Determines the “effective gravity” and the recovery of fine particles.

Izicelo Zokusebenza Ngokohlobo Lwe-ore

Uhlobo lwevusi Umsebenzi Weminerali
 Imishini Yesikhuthazi Sebhalansi Esezingeni Eliphakeme Amaqhaza
Igolide elingamachashazi igolide lendabuko Amabhulukhwe, Izindilinga, Abagogwekayo abaphezi, Izinsimbi zokuhlunga ngaphandle Ngokuvamile indlela enkulu yokucubungula
Ithusi leGolidi Lezintaba Ezinentaba Igolide lendabuko, amaTellurides Amagawulwa Okugxila Okukhishwe Ngokuqinisa (kuhlelo lokugaya), Amashidi Okuphendula Kwabanenzuzo ekubuyiseleni igolide elilahlekile ngenxa yegravitiyu
I-thini Cassiterite Amaqhude Okuzungula, Amajigi, Ama-Spirals Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuhlola amatafula Okushaya
Tungsten Scheelite, Wolframite Jigs, amathebula okuxeku, ama-spirals Vame kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokuphucula umsebenzi
Amatshe amayini Ilmenite, Zircon, Rutile Ispirali, amatafula abhakayo, HMS Izicelo zokusebenza ngomthwalo omkhulu
Chromite Chromite Izinduzi, Amashidi okudambisa, Izikhungo zokuhlola Ukugxila ngokusekelwe ekwehlukaneni komthamo
I-Iron Ore Hematite, Magnetite AmaJigs, amaSpirals, iHMS Kusetshenziselwa i-iron ore enothuli olukhulu
Umanganese Pyrolusite, Psilomelane Izikhukukazi, Ama-Spirals Vamisebenzisa kakhulu kumatshalo amakhulu, aphezulu kakhulu futhi asezingeni eliphezulu

Izinhlelo ezivamile ze-ore kanye nezicelo zomkhakha wokuhlukanisa ngokuhamba komoya

Ingcebo Yensimbi Ebalulekile (Ikhoyili Yegolide Lokukhona kanye neGolide Lomthombo)

Igolide lemvelo linelele ngokungafani okukhulu kokuminyaniswa nesihlabani se-quartz. I-Jig + i-concentrator ye-centrifugal + ithebula lokushaya kuhlanganiswe ukufaka ukuthola ngaphezulu kuka-93% wegolide elikhulu elikhululekile, lisetshenziswa kakhulu emafekthri egolide ase-Afrika, eSoutheast Asia. Kubegolide bemigwaqo yamathafa, ukugcizelela ngobunyoninco bekhakhasi kuhlisa umthwalo wokugaya ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-cyanidation noma i-flotation.

2. I-Wayini ne-I-thini Vein Ore

IWolframite ne-cassiterite yimayini evamise ukuba nezinto eziyingozi ezinkulu. Ukukhulu kokuphuma kwejig ngokunye + ukuhlanzwa kwetafula lokushephula kuphrothokholi evamile yezinguquko zamandla okwehlukanisa i-tungsten-tin eFujian, Jiangxi China nasezindaweni zokumba i-tin zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia.

3. Ingwebo Nokuqina Okungakhali Kwamachiza Womshini

I-Hematite, i-limonite, i-chrome ore enomamandla okuthambisa amanga esetshenziswa ukuqamisa nokuhlukanisa ngokugeleza kwebhande uma izinkomba zokuhlukanisa ngokumagnetha zingabi namandla; ukuhlukanisa okukhulu ngaphambili kuhlukanisa itshe elilahlekile le-iron ore.

4. Ibhishi & Idamu Lomfula Wesimangaliso Okunzima

I-Zircon, i-rutile, i-monazite i-placer sand isetshenziswa i-spiral chute roughing + shaking table gravity cleaning ukuhlukanisa izinsalela eziyigugu zensimbi enzima evela ku-quartz sand.

5. Umkhakha Wokuhlanza Kwamalahle

Umshini wokuhlukanisa phakathi nendawo onzima nomsuka wokuhlanganisa uyi-gear enkulu yokulungiselela kholwa, uhlelwa uphumele ikholo ehlanzekile kusekweni se-rock nesikhwama ngokwehluka kobukhulu.

Ukuwohloka Kwezinto Ezisetsheni Zengxenye Nokusebenza Kwemayini

Ukwehlukanisa ngudonsa kuthola izinhlayiya ezisalele zensimbi ezindala zokumba kanye nokuhlukanisa izinsalela zobuchwepheshe bokwakha, kuzuzisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwemithombo yemayini okuphindaphindayo.

Amacala Eprojekthi Yemayini Yokuhlukanisa Ugunuzi Yezwe Ngaphandle

Icala 1: Empumalanga yezwekazi lethu i-East Africa ukufakelwa kwe-Gold Gravity 500 TPD Placer

  • Isici se-ore: Coarse native gold 0.1–1 mm, low clay content, local water shortage
  • Ukuhamba kwenqubo: Izinga lesibili le-jig lokungena okungasenamphumela + i-concentrator ye-centrifugal + itafula lokuphothula lokuhlanza + uhlelo lwamanzi oluzungezayo
  • Injini ye-Operation izinga lokulanda igolide laya ku-93.38%, izinga legolide ekugcineni 85%, isilinganiso sokuphinda kusetshenziswa kwamanzi 86%, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngo-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo yendabuko

Iliya 2: Imishini ye-Gravity ye-2000 TPD Wolframite Vein Ore

  • Isici se-ore: Uhlobo lwevein lwe-Feldspar-quartz, olungahleliwe olusakazekile lwe-wolframite
  • Ukuhamba kwenqubo: Ukuqothula isigaba + ukuqothula okungaphezulu kokulingana kwe-multi-jig + ukuhlanza nge-table yokuphambana namaqembu amaningi
  • Injini ye-Operation Ibanga lomkhiqizo obunjwe yi-tungsten engu-66%, ukukhipha okuphelele kwe-tungsten kube ngu-82%, ukulahla amaphutha angaphandle anga-65% esigabeni sokugqabhuka ukuze kugcinwe amandla okugoqa.

Ikesi 3: Umugqa Wokwahlukanisa I-Sand Mineral Shebe Esindisi engu-1200 TPH

  • Isici se-ore: i-zircon ehlanganisiwe, i-rutile kanye nesihlabathi se-quartz
  • Ukuhamba kwenqubo: Ukuqina okukhulu kwe-Spiral concentrator + ithebula lokuphunga eliphakeme lokuhlanzwa ngobukhulu obuphezulu
  • Injini ye-Operation Ukutholwa okuphelele kwezinsimbi ezisindayo ku-88%, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuphathelana nezibulala-zinambuzane zikaliwo, izindleko zansuku zonke zokusebenza ziphansi

Okubalulekile Kakhulu Ekubumbeni Kokutshala

Uwahlukaniso we-gravity usengumshini oyisisekelo futhi osebenza kahle kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe bokucubungula amathafa zanamuhla. Amandla awo atholakala ekulula kwakho, kwezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, nasekusebenzeni kahle kwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, impumelelo incike ekuhlelweni kwemishini efanele uhlobo lwezimayini kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana.

Kuboqambi bezitshalo, onjiniyela, nabaqhasi, izimiso ezilandelayo ziyimpoqo:

  1. Ukuhlaziywa Okujulile Kwetjholo Akukafaneleki Ingxoxo Ukuhlolwa kwe-mineralogy, usayizi wokukhulula, kanye nokwehluka kobukhulu.
  2. 2. Humaza Imishini Nobukhulu Bepharti Sebenzisa amajigs kwimikhiqizo emikhulu, ama-spirals emaphakathi, namathebula okuncipha. Sebenzisa ama-concentrators centrifugal afanele ivumba lwegolide oluncane olukhululekayo.
  3. 3. Cabangela ukuhlukaniswa kwesigaba: Kwezincwadi ezinomhlaba onakele ukuze uzuze izingqimba, ihluzo ezinamagxolo amaningi zivame ukusebenza kakhulu kunokuthi kube yisikhathi esisodwa.
  4. 4. Ukulawula Okuguquguqukayo Okusebenza: isilinganiso sokuphakelwa, ukugeleza kwamanzi, nokuminyana phakathi komphakathi kumele kube nokuhlolwa kanye nokulawulwa ngobuqotho.
  5. 5. Ikheli le-Slimes: Ama-slime amahle (<0.1 mm) ayilimaza ukuhlukaniswa nokusebenza kwekugcineka komhlaba. Kumele asuswe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokususa ama-slime amancane futhi ahlanzwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene (isb., ukuhlasiswa ngogagasi) uma kudingeka.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Kaningi Ngokwehlukanisa Ngokuhehla

A: Ingabe ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelaphi kungasetshenziswa ukuprosesa ama-slime amancane kakhulu?

A: Imishini yesiko yokumunca ivumelana nobunzima bokudonsa okumaphakathi nesiMicronu engu-74 (mesh engu-200) ngenxa yokuthi amandla okudonsa aphansi kwamanzi aphumelela amandla okudonsa, kodwa ama-Centrifugal Gravity Concentrators ahamba ngobuningi be-slurry ukuze akhiqize amandla angafika ku-60G noma ngaphezulu, avumela ukutholwa okusebenzayo kwezinto ezinzima ezisuka ku-10 microns.

A: Ingabe ukuhlukanisa ngokugada kungathatha indawo ngokuphelele kokukhipha umsindo?

A: Kuphela uma i-Concentration Criterion iphezulu ngokwanele. Kwizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinomswakama omncane kakhulu we-sulfide lapho izinto ezibalulekile ziqinile ngokunjalo nephunga le-gangue kumazinga amancane kakhulu, ukuhlanganisa kwamanzi kusenqamule. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo zanamuhla zivame ukusebenzisa uhlelo oluxubene: ukuhlukaniswa kusetshenziswa umoya wokuwina izinto ezinkulu ngokushesha, kulandele ukuphakamisa ukuze kutholakale izinto ezinqabileyo ezingaphansi komuntu.

Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa ngokuhambisana nobukhulu besisindo?

A: Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kweholi kuncike ezimweni ezintathu eziyinqaba: umehluko wokukhanya okhethekile phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo ezihlosiwe negangue (umehluko omkhulu uqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa kalula), ukusatshalala kobukhulu bezingxenye zokufaka (ukuhlukaniswa okuqine kuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlaka), kanye nemvelo yomjovo, okuhlanganisa ijubane lokugeleza kwamanzi nokulawulwa kobukhulu bobisi emanzini ekukhunjweni kwemishini.

Kungani ukuhlukaniswa kokudonsa komhlaba kunconywa kakhulu emayini amancane kuya phakathi nendawo asebenzisana nemvelo?

A: Ukwahlukanisa ngokuzibekela ngobunombala kuyindlela yokuhlukanisa eqondene ngokwengokwemvelo engadingi izithasiselo zezemvelo. Lokhu kususa ngokuphelele isidingo sokusebenzisa izinto ezibizayo zemvelo, kugwema ukufika kokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuphuma emonweni, kwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza jikelele (Opex), futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani iyayithola ngokushesha imali ngokubanjwa kwamaminerali amakhulu akhishwa ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokubamba izinto ezincane kakhulu.

Udinga Usizo Ekuklameni Ubufakazi Bokuhlukanisa Ngokuhamba Komoya?

Kwa-SBM, sinikeza izixazululo ezibanzi zokucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa, kuhlanganise nokuklanywa kwenqubo ngokuningiliziwe, ukuhlela indawo yenkampani, kanye nebanga eliphelele lemishini yokuhlukanisa ngomgogodla.

Xhumana nathi namhlanje ngokweluleko olukhokhelwayo olusekelwe ebhizinisini lakho elikhethekile