Yadda za a Kara Kaddarorin Zinariya da Kashi 15% ga Karamin Ma'adinai

Summary: Samu karin kashi 15% wajen dawo da zinariya tare da tantance tsarin dingana da kuma dukanin lalura. Jagora mai ƙwarewa ga ma'adanan ƙanana kan 'liberation', rarrabawa, da kuma ingancin cyanidation....

For small-scale gold miners in regions like Ghana’s Ashanti belt or Sudan’s Red Sea Hills, increasing gold recovery rates is the single most effective way to transform a marginal operation into a highly profitable one.

Kodayake masu aiki da dama suna rasa kashi 15% zuwa 30% na zininsu a cikin tarkace, ba saboda ma'adaninsu ba ne mara kyau, amma saboda tsarin karyawa da narke ba shi da kyau domin samun cikakken warwarewa. Wannan jagorar Injiniyanci tana nuna yadda za a sake tsara wannan muhimmin haɗi domin ƙara yawan dawowar zininku da kashi 15% ko fiye.

Ciyawar "Saki Zinari": Dalilin Da Yasa Girman Dauri Yana Mahimmanci

A cikin ma'adinan duwatsu masu ƙarfi na Yammaci da Gabas Afirka, gold Yawanci yana samuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙaurin ƙaurin gilashi ko ganyen sulfide a cikin microscopically. Don cire shi, dole ne ka bugi "zonen Goldilocks" na kayan aikin ma'adinai.

• Barazanar rashin yin shafe sosai: Idan garin ya yi girma sosai, zinariya tana kasancewa a cikin dutse mai baƙaƙe. Magungunan cyanide ko ruwan nauyi ba za su iya narkewa ko kamawa abin da ba za su iya taba ba.
• Hatsarin Yawan Fashi (Slimes): A gefe guda, nika komai zuwa cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyi na "tsami" yana ƙirƙirar wani ruwa mai ƙunshe da man yaji sosai, mai launin laka. Wannan ƙasa tana nukar sassan zinariya kyauta, tana sa su sharaɗa a kan tabarau na girgiza, kuma tana haifar da "ɓoyewar ƙwaryen ƙarfe" a cikin tankunan CIL (Carbon-in-Leach), wanda ya sanya magungiyarku ba shi da amfani.
• Maganin: Dole ne ka nufa ga takamaiman burin P80 (girman allon da kashi 80% na kayan ka ke wucewa). Bayanai daga filin namu na nuna cewa ga mafi yawan dutse masu ƙarfi na Sudan da Ghana, cim ma burin 75-micron (mesh 200) na zahiri zai iya ƙara yawan dawowa sosai.

2. Rufe Madauki: Sirrin Harkar Makera da Murɗa

Domin ƙara dawowarka da kashi 15%, dole ne ka daina dahirasa mai hana lalacewar na'urorinka na crushar da ƙwallan mil ɗinka a matsayin na'urori masu zaman kansu. Suna cikin tsarin guda daya ne, da ɗorewa. Ga yadda za a gyara haɗin da ya karye.

Mataki na 1: Hagar da "Ƙyalle-Magana" na Maiƙin Ku

Zaka shiga wuraren hakar ma'adinai masu ƙanana da yawa, zaƙiga ganin injin hakar ƙasa na farko mai amfani da haƙora don ƙullace ƙwayoyin dutse masu inci 40 zuwa 50 kai tsaye cikin na'urar mil ɗin ƙwallo ko na'urar mil mai ruwa. Wannan kuskure ne mai girma a fannin ƙarfe. Ana ƙera mil don yayyafa ƙasa, ba don ƙwacewa ba. Hada manyan dutse da ƙarfi ya rage ƙarfin na'urar mil sosai kuma ya tabbatar da cewa an samu yayyafa mai bambanci-bambanci.

• Gyara: Gabatar da mataki na biyu na ƙari (kamar ƙwanƙolin mai ƙarewa mai kyau ko VSI mai ƙwarewa sosai). Rage girman abincin mil daga 50mm zuwa ƙasa da 10mm yana rage nauyin jiki na mil da kusan 30% kuma yana ƙara yawan aiki na yau da kullum a nan da nan.

Mataki na 2: Ai a zagayowar rufe na rarrabe tsarin kuzari

Kada ku dogara da wucewa guda ɗaya, "buɗe-kira" ta gama a cikin mil. Dole ne ku aiwatar da tsarin rarrabewa ta amfani da hydrocyclone ko na'urar rarrabewa mai lanƙwasa a cikin madaidaicin kusurwar da mil ɗinku.

• Yadda yake aiki: Mai rarraba yana aiki a matsayin mai ƙofar shiga. Yana tabbatar da cewa kawai ƙwallo masu "ƙanƙanta" (yaduwowa) ne ke ci gaba zuwa matakin dawo da shi, yayin da shi kansa yana tilasta ƙwallo masu girma fiye da ƙima, waɗanda ba su saba cikin 'yancin su ba (ƙaramin fanko), su dawo cikin milin don sake dunkulewa. Wannan yana kawar da matsalar zinariya da ke makale wanda zai iya tsira zuwa cikin sharar ku gaba ɗaya.

3. Yadda Girman Mafi Kyawu ke Kawo Ingancin Cyanidation (Leaching)

A cikin yankuna da suka dogara sosai kan cyanidation, girman murɗa yana ƙayyade yanayin su na ƙwayoyin chemico.

• Sauƙaƙe Warin Ma'adinai Garin da aka warware sosai yana narkewa cikin ruwan cyanide cikin sauri sosai. Abinci mai kyau da aka rarraba zai iya rage lokacin zama da kake buƙata a cikin jarka na CIL daga sa'o'i 36 zuwa sa'o'i 24, yana adana kuɗin wuta da kayan aikin sinadarai masu yawa.
• Karewar Carbon Idan ƙugiyar ku tana samar da yawan slim (daga kara nikawa sosai), wannan laka mai kauri tana sakawa cikin shafaffen carbon ɗinku. Wannan "riƙewa" na hana carbon ɗin ɗaukar zinariya da ta daina ruwa, yana tura zinariyar da ta narkar zuwa zuƙowa. Tsarin rarrabawa mai zagaye na rufe yana kawar da slim, yana kiyaye carbon ɗinku yana da matuƙar aiki.

4. Karfafa Ramuwar Jijiya ta amfani da Supercharging

Ba duk zinari ba ne ya kamata ya shiga cikin tankunan cyanide. Zinari mai sauƙin narke ya kamata a kama shi nan take ta amfani da masu ninke nauyi na ƙasa.

Duk da haka, masu mai da hankali na nauyin jan hankali na bukatar takamaiman yanayi na girman zarra don su yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Idan ka ba su ruwan kashi marar tantancewa, mai cike da kwari, duwatsu masu girma za su bugiƙa kananan zarra na zoben zinariya sosai daga cikin riffles na mai da hankali. Ta amfani da allo mai rufe a cikin zobe na jikin gravity kafin zagayowar hankali, kana tabbatar da cewa kaurin ruwan da girman zarra suna daidai da hankali don kamawa da nauyin zarra na zinariyya masu nauyi.

Wata Hali daga Wurin Obuasi

A shekara ta bara, wata madaidaiciyar cibiyar a kusa da Obuasi, Ghana, suna amfani da injin rarraba haƙori (jaw crusher) na ƙa'ida wanda yake ciyarwa kai tsaye zuwa ƙaramin mills, yana samar da fitarwa mara tsarin rarrabuwa. Jimillar ɗaukinsu ta dawo da abu tana tsaya a 65%.

Ta hanyar ƙara ƙaramin murƙushewa mai ƙari na biyu da daidaita masu tantance su zuwa tsarin rufe, sun samu garin mai launin 75-micron mai daidaito sosai.

Sakamakon: A cikin watan farko, adadin dawowa nasu ya yawaita zuwa 82% suna aiki da ɗaya ɗayan ma'adanan daidai. Wannan kari na 17% a cikin samar da zinariya kullum ya biya kayan aikin gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙasa da kwanaki 90.

bayar da Gidauniyar Fasaha Kyauta ga Masu Mallakar Ma'adinai

Ko zinarka tana zaune cikin dutse? Kada ka bari riba ta tafi shara a cikin rijiyar balaguro. Mu ƙwararru ne wajen taimakawa masu ma'adanai a Ghana, Sudan, da Tanzaniya su sake tsara hanyoyin su don samun 'yanci mafi girma.

A halin yanzu muna ba da:

• Tsarukan Hanyoyin Ayyukan Zabaƙar Zinariya Kyauta
• Lissafin Musamman na Rabo na Karyewa da Tsaftacewa
• Binciken Fasaha na wuri don haɓaka shuka.

Tuntuɓi Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyinmu a yau domin ƙara buɗe yawan amfanin da ke ɓoye a cikin ku.